{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:10:24Z","timestamp":1760058624854,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]],"date-time":"2025-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"\u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timi\u0219oara, Romania","award":["5DOC\/1425\/03.02.2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5DOC\/1425\/03.02.2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Black chokeberry (BCK), known as Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott, has been employed for various purposes throughout history, being exploited both for its nutritional properties (functional foods, beverages, food preservatives, and natural food colorants) and for its therapeutic benefits (including cardiovascular and metabolic settings). This paper presents the first report on the identification of inorganic elements in three standardized BCK extracts: frozen berries (FrozArs), dried berries (DryArs), and evaporated juice (EvArJ). Additionally, the antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of these extracts on human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) were evaluated. Concentrations ranging from 1 \u03bcg\/mL to 10 \u03bcg\/mL were tested. Inorganic element analysis revealed detectable levels of metals, including aluminum (Al), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn). Notably, cadmium was found in very low amounts (0.026 \u03bcg\/g in the FrozArs), while iron was the most abundant element in the juice (597.665 \u03bcg\/g). MTT assays demonstrated that all three extracts exhibited antiproliferative activity against HPAECs. Cell cycle analysis revealed a decrease in the G2\/M phase for all extracts, along with an appearance of the sub-G0 phase at the highest concentration tested. The DryAr extract also slightly reduced the number of cells in the G0-G1 phase. Annexin V\/PI staining indicated a mild increase in the percentage of necrotic cells associated with the DryAr extract. The potential implications of these findings are significant, particularly for those interested in the health effects of dietary supplements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14081202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T03:39:16Z","timestamp":1744601956000},"page":"1202","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inorganic Element Identification and In Vitro Preliminary Evaluation of Three Types of Standardized Black Chokeberry Extracts Against Human Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells (HPAECs)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3194-2012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina Oana","family":"Buda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Research and Processing Center for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camelia","family":"Oprean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Center for Drug Data Analysis, Cheminformatics, and the Internet of Medical Things, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"OncoGen Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer, \u201cPius Br\u00eenzeu\u201d County Clinical Emergency Hospital Timi\u0219oara, Blvd. Liviu Rebreanu 156, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2797-158X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oana Isabella","family":"Gavriliuc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OncoGen Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer, \u201cPius Br\u00eenzeu\u201d County Clinical Emergency Hospital Timi\u0219oara, Blvd. Liviu Rebreanu 156, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5325-3859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zorita","family":"Diaconeasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adina","family":"C\u0103ta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Research and Development for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 144 Dr. A. P. Podeanu, 300569 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8882-7808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Haidu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Romanian Academy \u201cCoriolan Dragulescu\u201d, Institute of Chemistry, Bv. M. Viteazu, No. 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7138-4908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daliana","family":"Minda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Research and Processing Center for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreea","family":"P\u0103unescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of General Medicine, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dionisie Lupu Street, No. 37, Sector 2, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina Adriana","family":"Dehelean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5999-1214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corina","family":"Danciu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Research and Processing Center for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2025, March 01). The Top 10 Causes of Death\u2014WHO. 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