{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:53:18Z","timestamp":1790812398386,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":169,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]],"date-time":"2025-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FAPERJ","award":["E-26\/200.512\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/200.512\/2023"]}]},{"name":"FAPERJ","award":["E-26\/211.315\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/211.315\/2021"]}]},{"name":"FAPERJ","award":["310782\/2022-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310782\/2022-8"]}]},{"name":"CNPq","award":["E-26\/200.512\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/200.512\/2023"]}]},{"name":"CNPq","award":["E-26\/211.315\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/211.315\/2021"]}]},{"name":"CNPq","award":["310782\/2022-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310782\/2022-8"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This current review study covers the applications of vetiver essential oil (VEO) in phytoremediation, emphasizing its remedial capabilities in the cleaning of environmental pollutants like pesticides, fertilizers, fungicides, herbicides, heavy metals, dyes, and other industrial wastes such as chemical, mining, pharmaceutical, and other radioactive wastes. The review also emphasizes the pharmacological potential of vetiver essential oil for different applications, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antibacterial, antitubercular, antihyperglycemic, antidepressant, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective uses. The commercial potential of vetiver essential oil in diverse sectors, including global perspectives, is also illustrated along with demand scenarios in different sectors like food, beverage, fragrance, cosmetic and aromatherapy, hygiene, and pharmaceutical sectors. The main constituents of vetiver oil, their relative proportion, and the key findings of pharmacological studies performed using VEOs or their constituents are also summarized in this review article, with special emphasis on activity against phytopathogens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14101435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T04:21:23Z","timestamp":1747023683000},"page":"1435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Vetiver, Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash: Biotechnology, Biorefineries, and the Production of Volatile Phytochemicals"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7941-4411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian G. C.","family":"Barcellos-Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Pra\u00e7a General Tib\u00farcio, 80, Praia Vermelha, Urca, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7792-3514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipe K. F.","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Pra\u00e7a General Tib\u00farcio, 80, Praia Vermelha, Urca, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9615-6223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harsha","family":"Kharkwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amity Institute of Phytochemistry and Phytomedicine, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subhash","family":"Chander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity Education Valley, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Gurgaon 122412, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8106-9522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amit C.","family":"Kharkwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1286-1874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajendra","family":"Awasthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248 007, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8168-1511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neerupma","family":"Dhiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhupesh","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Gurugram University, Gurugram 122003, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9563-9469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giriraj T.","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun 248009, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harold","family":"Larssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International University of Applied Sciences, D-99084 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f4sy M. L.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Pra\u00e7a General Tib\u00farcio, 80, Praia Vermelha, Urca, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rcio A. de","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Pra\u00e7a General Tib\u00farcio, 80, Praia Vermelha, Urca, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3639-0528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William N.","family":"Setzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA"},{"name":"Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1365-7602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valdir F.","family":"Veiga-Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Pra\u00e7a General Tib\u00farcio, 80, Praia Vermelha, Urca, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2021, August 12). 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