{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T19:35:20Z","timestamp":1785872120881,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lilium spp. bulbs are traditionally valued for their medicinal properties, yet their phytochemical profile and biomedical potential remain underexplored. This study aims to assess the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and dermatocosmetic potential of ethanolic macerates from five Lilium spp. cultivars. Bulb macerates were obtained using 70% and 96% ethanol and evaluated for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), condensed tannins (CTC), mineral composition, and antioxidant activity (DPPH assay). Spectroscopic (FTIR) and antimicrobial analyses were also performed. Macerates from Lilium \u201cDark Secret\u201d (LD-70) and Lilium asiaticum \u201cWhite\u201d (LA-70) exhibited the highest levels of TPC (225 and 162.5 mg GAE\/100 g f.w.), TFC (26.12 and 21.75 mg QE\/100 g f.w.), and antioxidant activity (81.5 and 58.75 mg GAE\/100 g f.w.). FTIR confirmed the phenolic composition, while mineral analysis revealed a high potassium content and negligible toxic metals. Selective antimicrobial activity was observed against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans, particularly for LD-70 and LA-70 macerates. Based on these findings, stable hydrogel formulations incorporating LD-70 and LA-70 were developed, showing favorable pH, rheology, and sustained antioxidant activity over 60 days. These findings support the integration of Lilium-derived macerates into dermatocosmetic formulations targeting skin protection and microbial defense.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14131917","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T03:39:26Z","timestamp":1750649966000},"page":"1917","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Phytochemical Evaluation and Antioxidant-Antimicrobial Potential of Lilium spp. Bulbs: Therapeutic and Dermatocosmetic Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1550-751X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Lup\u0219or","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Engineering, Ovidius University of Constanta, 900527 Constanta, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2523-647X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela","family":"Stanciu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Engineering, Ovidius University of Constanta, 900527 Constanta, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radu Emilian","family":"Cristache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilia","family":"P\u0103nu\u0219","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Constan\u021ba Public Health Directorate, 89 Nicolae Iorga Street, 900587 Constanta, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1208-7732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristiana","family":"Radulescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Valahia University of Targoviste, 130004 Targoviste, Romania"},{"name":"Doctoral School Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050044 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4041-3945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Radu Lucian","family":"Olteanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Valahia University of Targoviste, 130004 Targoviste, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9216-5475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia Lavinia","family":"Buruleanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Food Science, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2183-7996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raluca Maria","family":"Stirbescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science and Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 130004 Targoviste, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.113852","article-title":"Genus Lilium: A Review on Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology","volume":"270","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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