{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T11:11:24Z","timestamp":1791457884352,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":185,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]],"date-time":"2025-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key P &amp; D Program of China","award":["2022YFE0113400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFE0113400"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Climate change poses significant risks to food security and contributes to widespread soil degradation. Effective strategies are urgently needed to mitigate its impacts and ensure stable crop production and food quality. Biochar has shown strong potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, enhance carbon sequestration, and immobilize soil contaminants such as heavy metals and organic pollutants. These benefits can lead to increased crop yields, improved nutritional quality, and reduced uptake of harmful substances by plants.\u00a0This review summarizes the possible mechanisms through which biochar influences the biochar\u2013soil\u2013plant interface, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of its multifaceted roles. Although positive effects of biochar on crop production are frequently reported, neutral or even negative outcomes have also been observed. Such adverse effects may be attributed to the presence of volatile organic compounds, free radicals, or heavy metals in certain biochars that inhibit plant growth.\u00a0Additionally, biochar application has been found to reduce plant infections caused by pathogens, likely due to the presence of organic compounds that act as microbial inhibitors. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which biochar affects plant growth is essential for its effective use as a tool to combat climate change and enhance food security.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14131984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T05:00:37Z","timestamp":1751259637000},"page":"1984","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Leveraging Biochar Amendments to Enhance Food Security and Plant Resilience Under Climate Change"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Shakal Khan","family":"Korai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Grassland, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Punhoon Khan","family":"Korai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal 90150, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Abuzar","family":"Jaffar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal 90150, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1363-9164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Qasim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 30070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6829-1795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Usama","family":"Younas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Shabaan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Land Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3820-1476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Usman","family":"Zulfiqar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoshan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Grassland, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0272-1536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arkadiusz","family":"Artyszak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agriculture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"463","article-title":"Climate change caused by human activities is happening and it already has major consequences","volume":"36","author":"Trenberth","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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