{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T19:05:07Z","timestamp":1781291107384,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Crataegus monogyna, commonly known as hawthorn, is a valuable plant in pharmaceutical production. Its flowers, leaves, and fruits are rich in antioxidants. This study explores the application of pulsed electric field (PEF) for enhanced extraction of bioactive compounds from C. monogyna leaves. The liquid-to-solid ratio, solvent composition (ethanol, water, and 50% v\/v aqueous ethanol), and key PEF parameters\u2014including pulse duration, pulse period, electric field intensity, and treatment duration\u2014were investigated during the optimization process. To determine the optimal extraction conditions and their impact on antioxidant activity, response surface methodology (RSM) with a six-factor design was employed. The total polyphenol content in the optimized extract was 244 mg gallic acid equivalents\/g dry weight, while individual polyphenols were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Furthermore, antioxidant activity was assessed using ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging assays, yielding values of 3235 and 1850 \u03bcmol ascorbic acid equivalents\/g dry weight, respectively. Additionally, correlation analyses were conducted to evaluate the interactions between bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity. Compared to other extraction techniques, PEF stands out as an eco-friendly, non-thermal standalone method, offering a sustainable approach for the rapid production of health-promoting extracts from C. monogyna leaves.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14152262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T08:02:06Z","timestamp":1753257726000},"page":"2262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Isolation of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Crataegus monogyna Leaves via Pulsed Electric Field-Assisted Extraction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Papazidou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, 50100 Kozani, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6420-8391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Makrygiannis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1856-8206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martha","family":"Mantiniotou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8707-8809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vassilis","family":"Athanasiadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9929-3330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleni","family":"Bozinou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6825-7350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stavros I.","family":"Lalas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfutfo.2023.07.002","article-title":"Classification and Antioxidant Assays of Polyphenols: A Review","volume":"4","author":"Lang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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