{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:17:18Z","timestamp":1768263438991,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010751","name":"National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development (FONDECYT)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1180197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1180197"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010751","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions due to human activities are responsible for approximately 80% of the drivers of global warming, resulting in a 1.1 \u00b0C increase above pre-industrial temperatures. This study quantified the CO2 assimilation and productivity of the brown macroalgae Lessonia spicata in the central Pacific coast of Chile, across seasonal and daily cycles, under different environmental stressors, such as temperature and solar irradiance. Measurements were performed using an infra-red gas analysis (IRGA) instrument which had a chamber allowing for precise quantification of CO2 concentrations; additional photophysiological and biochemical responses were also measured. CO2 assimilation, along with the productivity and biosynthesis of proteins and lipids, increased during the spring, coinciding with moderate temperatures (~14 \u00b0C) and high photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Furthermore, the increased production of photoprotective and antioxidant compounds, including phenolic compounds, and carotenoids, along with the enhancement of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), contribute to the effective photoacclimation strategies of L. spicata. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed seasonal associations between productivity, reactive oxygen species (ROSs), and biochemical indicators, particularly during the spring and summer. These associations, further supported by Pearson correlation analyses, suggest a high but seasonally constrained photoacclimation capacity. In contrast, the reduced productivity and photoprotection observed in the summer suggest increased physiological vulnerability to heat and light stress. Overall, our findings position L. spicata as a promising nature-based solution for climate change mitigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14152341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T12:39:29Z","timestamp":1753792769000},"page":"2341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Environmental Stressors Modulating Seasonal and Daily Carbon Dioxide Assimilation and Productivity in Lessonia spicata"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1163-6931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Macarena","family":"Troncoso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctorado Interdisciplinario en Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valpara\u00edso 2360004, Chile"},{"name":"Doctorado en Biotecnolog\u00eda Avanzada, Facultad de Ciencias, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n Ambiental Costero\/HUB Ambiental UPLA, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valpara\u00edso 2360004, Chile"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolog\u00edas para la Sociedad, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610685, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5732-1479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zo\u00eb L.","family":"Fleming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolog\u00edas para la Sociedad, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610685, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3580-4693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e9lix L.","family":"Figueroa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), University of Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9780-4915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathalie","family":"Korbee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), University of Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8447-4446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald","family":"Dur\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Filosof\u00eda, Historia y Turismo, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valpara\u00edso 2370957, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camilo","family":"Navarrete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctorado Interdisciplinario en Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valpara\u00edso 2360004, Chile"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n Ambiental Costero\/HUB Ambiental UPLA, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valpara\u00edso 2360004, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6226-5344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Qu\u00edmica Ambiental (Lab QA), Departamento de Ciencias y Geograf\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valpara\u00edso 2360004, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2247-3787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula S. M.","family":"Celis-Pl\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n Ambiental Costero\/HUB Ambiental UPLA, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valpara\u00edso 2360004, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Lee, H., Calvin, K., Dasgupta, D., Krinner, G., Mukherji, A., Thorne, P., Trisos, C., Romero, J., Aldunce, P., and Barrett, K. (2023). Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report: Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Masson-Delmotte, V., P\u00f6rtner, H.O., Skea, J., Zhai, P., Roberts, D., Shukla, P.R., Pirani, A., Pidcock, R., Chen, Y., and Lonnoy, E. (2018). Resumen para responsables de pol\u00edticas. 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