{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T03:18:00Z","timestamp":1777087080521,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014810","name":"Fondazione di Sardegna","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["F75F21001280007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F75F21001280007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014810","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study examines the antidiabetic potential of Rubus ulmifolius, a shrub traditionally used for medicinal and nutritional purposes. The aim was to assess the fruit extract\u2019s inhibitory effect on \u03b1-amylase and \u03b1-glucosidase, therapeutic targets in type 2 diabetes (T2D), given their role in carbohydrate digestion. Considering the role of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) aggregation in pancreatic \u03b2-cell dysfunction in T2D, the extract\u2019s effect on inhibiting this process was also evaluated. Cytocompatibility and antioxidant effects were tested in Caco-2 cells, while caspase-1 activity was measured to evaluate anti-inflammatory potential. Phytochemical analysis of R. ulmifolius fruits revealed various phenolic compounds, with anthocyanin as the most abundant one. The cyanidin-3-O-glucoside accounted for 86% of all anthocyanins. Among flavonoids, the most represented ones were quercetin-HMG-glucoside and a kaempferol derivative, while ellagic acid glucuronide was the predominant ellagitannin. The extract showed significantly higher \u03b1-glucosidase inhibition with an IC50 value of 2.8 \u00b5g\/mL, 32 times more effective than acarbose, and it markedly inhibited IAPP aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. It demonstrated antioxidant activity in cellular and acellular systems, without cytotoxicity. Caspase-1 activity was also reduced in intestinal cells. These findings support R. ulmifolius fruits as a promising functional food for managing T2D and preserving pancreatic function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14213247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T05:20:44Z","timestamp":1761196844000},"page":"3247","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Inhibition of \u03b1-Glucosidase Activity and Islet Amyloid PolyPeptide Fibril Formation by Rubus\u00a0ulmifolius Fruit Extract: A Potential Therapeutic Approach for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Sonia","family":"Floris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biomedical Section, University of Cagliari, 09042\u00a0Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8312-2143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Noli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3915-208X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Cocco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3009-4226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonella","family":"Fais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biomedical Section, University of Cagliari, 09042\u00a0Cagliari, 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Cagliari, 09042\u00a0Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9010-1926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franca","family":"Piras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4021-1043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Sogos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amalia","family":"Di Petrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, 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