{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T21:39:15Z","timestamp":1783373955641,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LP210200606"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LP210200606"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001770","name":"Southern Cross University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001770","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cannabis sativa L. has been cultivated for millennia as a source of food and fibre. Increasing demand for functional foods has renewed interest in C. sativa seeds (hempseeds), which are rich in essential fatty acids and amino acids. However, a near-global moratorium on C. sativa cultivation and research throughout most of the 20th century has delayed crop improvement using modern breeding approaches. As a result, genetic loci contributing to key agronomic traits, including with respect to maximizing yield as a seed crop, remain largely unknown. In this study, a feminized segregating F2 mapping population, derived from a tall parent with spacious inflorescences and large seeds and a short-stature parent with compact inflorescences and small seeds, was phenotyped for key seed and agronomic traits related to yield. A mid-density Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) genotyping panel was used to generate a genetic linkage map of 291.5 cM with 455 SNPs. Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) mapping identified major loci for hundred-seed weight\u2014qHSW3, 26.59 percent variance explained (PVE), seed volume\u2014qSV1, 33.24 PVE, and plant height\u2014qPH9, 46.99 PVE. Our results provide novel target regions, associated molecular markers, and candidate genes for future breeding efforts to improve C. sativa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14243853","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T13:42:52Z","timestamp":1765978972000},"page":"3853","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Seed the Difference: QTL Mapping Reveals Several Major Loci for Seed Size in Cannabis sativa L."],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5927-3388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen Eunice","family":"Manansala-Siazon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo Miguel","family":"Siazon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4898-5470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erwin","family":"Tandayu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture Victoria, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2929-3357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lennard","family":"Garcia-de Heer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Burn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3528-2533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qi","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2153-8956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos C.","family":"Mieog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8227-0746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Kretzschmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1080\/07352689.2016.1267498","article-title":"Cannabis Domestication, Breeding History, Present-Day Genetic Diversity, and Future Prospects","volume":"35","author":"Clarke","year":"2016","journal-title":"CRC Crit. 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