{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T15:42:07Z","timestamp":1785426127010,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004829","name":"Sichuan Provincial Natural Science Foundation\u2014Youth Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024NSFSC1197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024NSFSC1197"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004829","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32401471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32401471"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["32401471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32401471"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004335","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Southwest University of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24ZX7107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24ZX7107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004335","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Seed aging is a critical biological process that leads to progressive loss of seed vigor, thereby constraining germplasm conservation and agricultural productivity. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying this process in grass species, we performed transcriptomic analyses to characterize regulatory networks underlying seed aging in Elymus sibiricus, a dominant forage species on the Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau. Seeds were subjected to artificial accelerated aging (45 \u00b0C, 80% relative humidity, 1\u20136 days), followed by physiological evaluation and RNA sequencing. Seed vigor and germination percentage declined markedly with aging, accompanied by extensive transcriptional reprogramming. Integrative analyses identified pyruvate metabolism, MAPK signaling, and peroxisome function as key processes associated with vigor loss during late-stage aging. WGCNA further revealed that genes encoding heat shock proteins and glutathione metabolism-related enzymes were co-localized within the same module, suggesting a possible synergistic role in preserving seed viability during aging. In addition, WRKY24, ARF9, and ARF19 were identified as candidate hub transcription factors. WRKY24 may contribute to aging by modulating antioxidant defense-related genes (e.g., TRX1 and NRPC1), while ARF9 and ARF19 may regulate ROS homeostasis through predicted downstream targets, including FQR1, PER2, MAO1B, ANN5, and MT2B. Together, these findings support a hypothetical regulatory model in which WRKY and ARF transcription factors coordinate redox homeostasis and hormone signaling to regulate seed longevity in E. sibiricus. This study provides a systems-level framework for understanding seed aging in perennial grasses and identifies potential genetic targets for improving seed storability, with implications for germplasm conservation and alpine grassland sustainability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants15091328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T19:24:51Z","timestamp":1777317891000},"page":"1328","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals the Seed Aging Process in Elymus sibiricus, a Dominant Alpine Grass"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6676-6920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Agri-Forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Agri-Forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinchao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajun","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Agri-Forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenlong","family":"Gou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Agri-Forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Agri-Forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chanjuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Agri-Forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yilin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Agri-Forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Agri-Forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongbin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Zhihechengrui Agriculture & Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610306, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongxia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Agri-Forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1615-4683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiong","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9391-595X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shiqie","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Agri-Forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2332","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-024-2912-8","article-title":"High-Quality Reference Genome and Population Analysis of Allotetraploid Elymus sibiricus Provide Insight into Genome Origin and Environmental Adaptations to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau","volume":"68","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. 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