{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T23:55:13Z","timestamp":1787702113777,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Clinopodium pulchellum (Kunth) Govaerts (Panizara) is an aromatic Andean medicinal plant traditionally used in Peru to manage nervous disorders, insomnia, and digestive complaints; however, its neuropharmacological properties remain poorly validated. This study aimed to evaluate the anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of C. pulchellum and to characterize its phytochemical profile as supportive evidence. (2) Methods: The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed using GC\u2013MS and GC\u2013FID. (3) Results: Fifteen volatile compounds were identified based on retention indices and mass spectral data, with \u03b2-caryophyllene (22.9%) and linalool (19.1%) as the most representative constituents, while other compounds were tentatively identified. The aqueous extract showed total phenolic and flavonoid contents of 34.15 mg GAE\/g and 29.44 mg QE\/g, respectively, and moderate antioxidant activity (DPPH = 2.36 mg TE\/g; ABTS = 3.33 mg TE\/g). In vivo assays revealed that EOCP at 200 mg\u00b7kg\u22121 significantly increased open-arm exploration in the elevated plus maze and reduced immobility time in the CUMS\u2013forced swim test by 37% compared with the stress group, although the effect was lower than that of reference drugs. Molecular docking analysis indicated favorable binding affinities of \u03b2-caryophyllene, humulene, and aromandendrene with serotonergic and ion channel targets, while ADMET predictions suggested suitable pharmacokinetic properties. (4) Conclusions: These findings indicate that the observed neuropharmacological effects may be associated with the presence of bioactive terpenoids typical of Lamiaceae, supporting the traditional use of C. pulchellum. However, further studies are required to confirm the identity of uncommon constituents and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying its biological activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants15101511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T14:19:29Z","timestamp":1778854769000},"page":"1511","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Neuropharmacological Validation of Clinopodium pulchellum (Panizara): Unveiling the Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Mechanism via In Vivo Models and Molecular Docking"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Juan E.","family":"Valdiviezo-Campos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research in Natural Products, Programa Acad\u00e9mico de Farmacia y Bioqu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima 15046, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6776-0050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramiro","family":"Fiestas-Jacinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research in Natural Products, Programa Acad\u00e9mico de Farmacia y Bioqu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima 15046, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0390-2259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karyn A.","family":"Olascuaga-Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PHARMASCIENCE Research Group, Pharmacology Laboratory, School of Human Medicine, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo 13001, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1368-8409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Segundo G.","family":"Ruiz-Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotechnics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, National University of Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1857-3969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana R.","family":"Rubio-Guevara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PHARMASCIENCE Research Group, Pharmacology Laboratory, School of Human Medicine, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo 13001, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9019-3744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roger A.","family":"Rengifo-Penadillos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, National University of Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1490-3206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junior F.","family":"Siguas-Pe\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research in Natural Products, Programa Acad\u00e9mico de Farmacia y Bioqu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima 15046, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.55730\/1300-008X.2712","article-title":"An ethnobotanical review on medicinal plants of the Lamiaceae family in Turkey","volume":"46","author":"Selvi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Turk. 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