{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:41:38Z","timestamp":1790800898195,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015397","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023LHMS03007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023LHMS03007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015397","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011811","name":"Inner Mongolia Agricultural University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["LX2024-KYTD001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LX2024-KYTD001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011811","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["LX2024-KYTD001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LX2024-KYTD001"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/015d0jq83","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Translocation of elite cultivars across distinct climatic regions often induces transplantation shock. Although the rhizosphere microbiome can facilitate host acclimation, the underlying functional mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated microbiome-mediated adaptation in \u201cHongdeng\u201d sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) moved from a humid coastal region (Dalian, DL) to a semi-arid inland habitat (Hohhot, HS). We integrated plant physiological assays, metagenomic sequencing, and structural equation modeling (SEM) to compare the source population (DL), the introduced population (HS), and a locally acclimated reference cultivar (\u201cSummit\u201d, HSY). The introduced trees adjusted physiologically to the semi-arid environment by elevating proline levels and antioxidant enzyme activities. Although environmental stress reduced microbial alpha diversity, the core taxonomic framework persisted. Community assembly analysis indicated that the semi-arid climate intensified environmental filtering. Network analysis identified Sphingomonas as a keystone taxon; notably, it maintained a highly connected topological role despite a stable relative abundance. Furthermore, structural equation modeling showed that the environmental stress index positively correlated with the upregulation of microbial DNA repair pathways (R = 0.81, p &lt; 0.001). Ultimately, the SEM demonstrated that environmental stress primarily shapes microbial functional profiles rather than driving species turnover, thereby contributing to host adaptation. The successful establishment of introduced sweet cherry in semi-arid regions is tied more closely to rhizosphere functional plasticity than to taxonomic restructuring. These findings highlight the role of the keystone taxon Sphingomonas in maintaining rhizosphere homeostasis, offering a theoretical framework for targeted microbiome engineering to mitigate transplant shock and enhance crop resilience.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants15111632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T13:28:21Z","timestamp":1779802101000},"page":"1632","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Rhizosphere Functional Plasticity and the Keystone Taxon Sphingomonas Facilitate Sweet Cherry Adaptation to Semi-Arid Stress"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Liyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2801-5601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinyang","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1237-9970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haiyan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenbing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves, B., Aires, A., Oliveira, I., Afonso, S., Morais, M.C., Correia, S., Martins, S., and Silva, A.P. 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