{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:37:07Z","timestamp":1785418627868,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Programa VINCULAB 2025","award":["20CEIN2-142145"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20CEIN2-142145"]}]},{"name":"Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso\u2014VINCI","award":["044.768\/2026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["044.768\/2026"]}]},{"award":["044.768\/2026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["044.768\/2026"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02cafbr77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) are a phytochemical resource rich in bitter acids, prenylated flavonoids, and essential oils with antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities relevant to animal production. This review critically synthesizes the phytochemical profile of H. lupulus and the available in vivo evidence on its use as a functional feed additive in poultry, freshwater aquaculture, swine, and ruminants, identifying research gaps and regulatory barriers. In poultry, microencapsulated \u03b2-acids at 30 mg\/kg feed achieved a feed conversion ratio comparable to zinc bacitracin, while lupulone reduced intestinal Clostridium perfringens counts by &gt;4 log units, from log10 6.20 to 2.00 CFU\/g; doses \u2265240 mg\/kg induced adverse effects. In freshwater aquaculture, hop extract at 750 mg\/kg feed improved hepatic markers and fillet fatty acid composition in common carp, whereas isolated hop acids at 308 mg\/kg increased final body weight in Nile tilapia (157.3 vs. 150.3 g) without sensory rejection even at 1230 mg\/kg. In swine, granulated cones improved feed conversion (3.5 vs. 4.3 kg\/kg), while purified \u03b2-acids up to 360 mg\/kg improved performance comparably to colistin. In ruminants, hop residues, pellets, and cones were tolerated without consistent production benefits. Overall, hop-derived additives show dose-, compound-, and matrix-dependent effects, requiring standardized formulations, species-specific pharmacokinetics, pathogen-challenge validation, long-term safety assessment, and regulatory dossiers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants15111697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T08:09:16Z","timestamp":1780301356000},"page":"1697","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Humulus lupulus L. in Animal Nutrition: Phytochemical Profile, Bioactive Properties, and Applications as a Functional Feed Additive\u2014A Comprehensive Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Claudio","family":"Zepeda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Waddington 716, Playa Ancha, Valpara\u00edso 2360100, Chile"},{"name":"Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agron\u00f3micas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Valpara\u00edso 2360100, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5064-4486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9ssica","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Waddington 716, Playa Ancha, Valpara\u00edso 2360100, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7103-4783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina","family":"Figueroa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Tecnolog\u00eda M\u00e9dica, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valpara\u00edso 2360100, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constanza","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n de Acuicultura Sustentable (CIAS-PUCV), Escuela de Ciencias del Mar, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Campus Curauma, Valpara\u00edso 2360100, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8985-8692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Germ\u00e1n","family":"Olivares-Cantillano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Piscicultura R\u00edo Blanco \u201cFederico Albert Taupp\u201d, Escuela de Ciencias del Mar, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Valpara\u00edso 2340000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.12201","article-title":"Biologically Active Compounds from Hops and Prospects for Their Use","volume":"15","year":"2016","journal-title":"Compr. 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