{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T15:12:08Z","timestamp":1780672328197,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Diospyros comorensis Hiern is a medicinal plant traditionally utilized in the management of cardiovascular disorders. Despite its common use, the pharmacological properties and phytochemical composition remain unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the vasorelaxant, diuretic, and antioxidant activities, as well as toxicity and phytochemical profiling, of a methanol\u2013water extract of D. comorensis leaves (MDCR) and a decoction of D. comorensis leaf (DDCR) extract. The main phytochemicals were quantified using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Antioxidant capacity was assessed using DPPH and FRAP assays. The vasorelaxant effect was evaluated in vitro on phenylephrine-precontracted aortic rings. Diuretic activity was determined by measuring Wistar rats\u2019 urine output and electrolyte levels (Na+, Cl\u2212, and K+). Toxicity was assessed using Swiss mice. The extracts showed a total phenolic content (TPC) of 29,693.02 \u00b1 3493.75 mg GAE\/100 g DW (Folin\u2013Ciocalteu method), which was markedly higher than the total phenolics quantified by HPLC (3743.12 \u00b1 457.32 mg\/100 g DW, representing 76.38% of the total bioactive fraction). Among the quantified constituents, ellagic acid (56.36%) was the main compound. Both extracts exhibited marked antioxidant capacity along with significant vasorelaxant effects on phenylephrine-precontracted rat aorta rings, with EC50 values of 3.83 \u00b1 0.81 \u00b5g\/mL for MDCR and 4.87 \u00b1 0.79 \u00b5g\/mL for DDCR. Acute toxicity was not observed with either extract. The identified compounds may be involved in the observed antioxidant and pharmacological effects. These results show experimental evidence useful to support the traditional use of D. comorensis leaves in managing high blood pressure and highlight the antihypertensive potential of this Comorian endemic species. Further studies are necessary to characterize the biological mechanisms involved and relative bioactive substances. Reporting the pharmacological activities of D. comorensis may contribute to the sustainable use of natural resources in the Comoros Islands and Madagascar.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants15111757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T14:10:42Z","timestamp":1780668642000},"page":"1757","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sustainable Use of Natural Resources and Traditional Medicine in Tropical Countries: Uncovering the Main Antioxidant Compounds and Antihypertensive Potential of the Diospyros comorensis Leaves as Health-Promoting Food Application for Local Population"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Aliments, R\u00e9activit\u00e9 et Synth\u00e8se des Substances Naturelles, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences et Techniques, Universit\u00e9 des Comores, Moroni 167, Comoros"},{"name":"Ecole Doctorale, G\u00e9nie du Vivant et Mod\u00e9lisation, Universit\u00e9 de Mahajanga, Mahajanga 401, Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9104-2067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dario","family":"Donno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi di Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3647-684X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zoarilala Rinah","family":"Razafindrakoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Malgache de Recherches Appliqu\u00e9es, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2582-0892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nantenaina","family":"Tombozara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Malgache de Recherches Appliqu\u00e9es, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azali","family":"Ahamada-Himidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Aliments, R\u00e9activit\u00e9 et Synth\u00e8se des Substances Naturelles, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences et Techniques, Universit\u00e9 des Comores, Moroni 167, Comoros"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mamy Julien","family":"Randrianirina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Malgache de Recherches Appliqu\u00e9es, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9621-2718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Gamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi di Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Rajaonarison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecole Doctorale, G\u00e9nie du Vivant et Mod\u00e9lisation, Universit\u00e9 de Mahajanga, Mahajanga 401, Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4175-2404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriele Loris","family":"Beccaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi di Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Ramanitrahasimbola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Malgache de Recherches Appliqu\u00e9es, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar"},{"name":"Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pastore, M.C., Carmona De Azevedo Bellagamba, C., Liga, R., Stefanini, A., Durante, M., D\u2019Ascenzi, F., Pedrinelli, R., and Cameli, M. 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