{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T03:46:01Z","timestamp":1782704761170,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/04567\/2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/04567\/2025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00690\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BI-Mestre\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BI-Mestre\/2023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/137671\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/137671\/2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UI\/BD\/151422\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UI\/BD\/151422\/2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Coleus Lour. and Plectranthus L\u2019H\u00e9r. (Lamiaceae) species are recognized as promising sources of bioactive compounds for skin health, supported by their traditional use in skin-related conditions; however, scientific validation of these traditional uses remains limited for several species. In this work, the biological activities of eight Coleus and Plectranthus species (C. barbatus, C. cylindraceus, C. grandidentatus, C. hadiensis, C. madagascariensis, P. ambiguus, P. ecklonii, and P. fruticosus) were evaluated to support their ethnomedicinal relevance. Extracts were assessed for general toxicity (Artemia salina model), antimicrobial activity (well diffusion and microdilution methods) and antioxidant capacity (DPPH, TBARS and cellular assays). In addition, anti-inflammatory activity (ability to suppress nitric oxide), cytotoxicity in skin cell lines (HaCaT and HFF-1) and inhibition of skin-related enzymes (elastase, tyrosinase and collagenase) were evaluated. Antibacterial activity was predominantly observed against Gram-positive bacteria, with no general toxicity observed. P. ambiguous and P. ecklonii showed moderate-to-high antioxidant activity, while anti-inflammatory effects were observed for C. hadiensis and C. madagascariensis and P. ambiguous. None of the extracts showed cytotoxicity. Enzyme inhibition assays highlighted C. cylindraceus and P. ecklonii. HPLC-DAD analysis confirmed the presence of rosmarinic acid. Overall, the findings support the traditional use of Coleus and Plectranthus species for skin-related conditions and highlight their potential as sources of bioactive compounds for dermatological and cosmeceutical applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants15131975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T02:16:44Z","timestamp":1782699404000},"page":"1975","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ethnopharmacological Validation of Selected Coleus and Plectranthus spp. For Skin-Related Applications Through In Vitro Biological Assays"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5519-2148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rcia","family":"Santos Filipe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, Lus\u00f3fona University, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9045-7287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera M. S.","family":"Isca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, Lus\u00f3fona University, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2733-5797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebeca","family":"Andr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, Lus\u00f3fona University, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Quimica Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3954-3833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T\u00e2nia C. S. P.","family":"Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regi\u00f5es de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5819-9065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Rita","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regi\u00f5es de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Farmac\u00e9uticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n de Enfermedades Tropicales, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2545-1812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabrielle","family":"Bangay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, Lus\u00f3fona University, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4216-3997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Mar\u00eda","family":"D\u00edaz-Lanza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6801-4578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo C.","family":"Calhelha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regi\u00f5es de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3877-9959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed A.","family":"Hussein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9050-5189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lillian","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regi\u00f5es de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7992-8343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Rijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS\u2014Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, Lus\u00f3fona University, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Quimica Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13152","article-title":"Skin Barrier Immunity and Ageing","volume":"160","author":"Chambers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12424","article-title":"The Relationship between Skin Function, Barrier Properties, and Body-Dependent Factors","volume":"24","author":"Spano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Skin Res. 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