{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T07:07:52Z","timestamp":1791356872403,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012190","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["075-15-2024-540"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["075-15-2024-540"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This review summarizes recent studies on the use of nanoparticles (NPs) in plant in vitro clonal micropropagation and secondary metabolite production. The analyzed applications include culture initiation, shoot multiplication, rooting, acclimatization, callus culture, and hairy root culture. Because NPs\u2019 effects are strongly endpoint-dependent, their effectiveness is evaluated separately for micropropagation endpoints, including contamination control, explant survival, multiplication rate, shoot and root development, and plantlet quality, and for metabolite-production endpoints, including biomass accumulation, target metabolite concentration, and total metabolite yield. Based on the quantitative analysis of published data, the most frequently beneficial NP size range was 20\u201360 nm, whereas effective concentrations, combining a positive effect on plant growth and the synthesis of secondary metabolites, were mainly within 1\u2013120 mg L\u22121. For the most extensively studied NPs, the corresponding indicative concentration ranges were 15\u201345 mg L\u22121 for 25\u201340 nm Ag-NPs, 75\u2013200 mg L\u22121 for 15\u201345 nm ZnO-NPs, 120\u2013150 mg L\u22121 for 50\u201380 nm Se-NPs, and 90\u2013145 mg L\u22121 for 54\u201355 nm Si-based NPs. Ag- and carbon-based nanomaterials showed relatively strong overall responses in micropropagation datasets, whereas Ag- and Se-NPs were often associated with enhanced target metabolite accumulation. NP responses depend on particle composition, synthesis method, surface properties, dose, culture system, species, genotype, and may involve phytotoxic or residue-related risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants15132071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T07:59:47Z","timestamp":1783065587000},"page":"2071","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Application of Nanoparticles in Plant In Vitro Culture for Micropropagation and Secondary Metabolite Production: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4132-7256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia A.","family":"Semenova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Prokhorov General Physics Institute,  Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7584-0295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitry A.","family":"Zakharov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prokhorov General Physics Institute,  Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6049-5602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitry A.","family":"Serov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prokhorov General Physics Institute,  Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8814-6906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergey V.","family":"Gudkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prokhorov General Physics Institute,  Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, 109428 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Fundamental Sciences, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 5 2nd Baumanskaya Str., 105005 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexey S.","family":"Dorokhov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, 109428 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrey Yu.","family":"Izmailov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, 109428 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1208859","article-title":"The outlook for population growth","volume":"333","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khalil, M.T., Emam, W.W.M., and Negm, A. 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