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Here, colchicine-induced polyploidy was evaluated in Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Zorzal to determine whether tetraploid lines exhibit coordinated changes in stomatal anatomy, physiology, pigment composition, oxidative balance, and ploidy inheritance. Polyploidy was induced using different colchicine exposure regimes and confirmed by flow cytometry. Stomatal traits, gas-exchange parameters, photosynthetic pigments, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant capacity, and multivariate phenotypic relationships were subsequently analyzed in confirmed tetraploid lines. Colchicine treatments successfully generated tetraploid and mixoploid plants, although induction efficiency was highly variable among replicates. Tetraploid lines showed heterogeneous physiological responses, including increases in the photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance in some genotypes, but no consistent reduction in stomatal pore area index. Pigment composition and antioxidant-related traits also varied among lines, without a uniform response pattern. Multivariate analyses revealed coordinated but highly divergent phenotypic profiles among tetraploid genotypes. Importantly, the induced tetraploids were not stably transmitted to the C1 generation, with a predominance of diploid progeny among the evaluated offspring. Overall, colchicine-induced polyploidization generated substantial physiological variability among independently derived tetraploid plants of P. vulgaris cv. \u2018Zorzal\u2019; however, the predominance of diploid individuals among the evaluated C1 progeny indicates limited transmission of the induced tetraploid state to the subsequent generation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants15162464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T08:08:29Z","timestamp":1786694909000},"page":"2464","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Variable but Inheritable: Colchicine-Induced Polyploidy in Phaseolus vulgaris Generates Physiological Variability with Limited Inheritance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0472-7157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Barradas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chile, Santiago 8580640, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Olivo-Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chile, Santiago 8580640, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4475-8461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Mora-Sanhueza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Temuco, Temuco 4781312, Chile"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Fisiolog\u00eda y Biotecnolog\u00eda Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acu\u00edcolas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Temuco, Temuco, 4781312, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2284-166X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Barco-Rubio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chile, Santiago 8580640, Chile"},{"name":"Facultad de Agronom\u00eda y Sistemas Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Santiago 6904411, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4082-2742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela","family":"Jarpa-Tauler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5097-6917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chile, Santiago 8580640, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5747-1565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marjorie","family":"Reyes-D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Ecofisiolog\u00eda Molecular y Funcional de Plantas, Departamento de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3989-7682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Tighe-Neira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Fisiolog\u00eda y Biotecnolog\u00eda Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acu\u00edcolas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Temuco, Temuco, 4781312, Chile"},{"name":"Nucleo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Producci\u00f3n Alimentaria, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Temuco, Temuco 4781312, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6198-8276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio","family":"Inostroza-Blancheteau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Temuco, Temuco 4781312, Chile"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Fisiolog\u00eda y Biotecnolog\u00eda Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acu\u00edcolas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Temuco, Temuco, 4781312, Chile"},{"name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo, Millennium Nucleus in Data Science for Plant Resilience (Phytolearning), Santiago 8370186, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricio","family":"Arce-Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chile, Santiago 8580640, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tossi, V.E., Mart\u00ednez Tosar, L.J., Laino, L.E., Iannicelli, J., Regalado, J.J., Escand\u00f3n, A.S., Baroli, I., Causin, H.F., and Pitta-\u00c1lvarez, S.I. 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