{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T10:20:19Z","timestamp":1788258019620,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Office, Hungary","award":["OTKA K-147342"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OTKA K-147342"]}]},{"award":["OTKA K-147342"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OTKA K-147342"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03g2am276","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004382","name":"Polish Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004382","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01dr6c206","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003825","name":"Hungarian Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02ks8qq67","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The effects of the rust fungus Puccinia komarovii Tranzschel and the aphid Impatientinum asiaticum Nevsky 1929 on plant height, seed number per capsule, and seed mass were investigated in eight small balsam (Impatiens parviflora DC.) stands in Hungary and one in Poland. Two stands were infected by rust, five by aphids, and two were healthy. The lowest average plant height was 37.5 cm and the highest 94.7 cm, both measured in aphid-infested stands. Examining the stands separately, no relationship appeared with the type of damage. For data pooled across stands, differences were significant: rust-infected plants were the tallest, healthy shoots were the shortest, while aphid-infected plants fell in between. Mean seed number per capsule was the lowest (1.53) in the pest-free Nagyb\u00f6rzs\u00f6ny stand, and the highest (2.33) in the aphid-infested Bielsko-Bia\u0142a stand. In pairwise comparison of stands, average seed number did not differ in most cases. Significant positive correlation was found between average plant height and average seed number per capsule. Seeds were the heaviest in the healthy stand, whereas they were lighter in rust-infected and aphid-damaged stands. Regarding the applicability of the studied pests as biological control agents, the results showed that both pests reduce seed mass but not overall performance of the host plant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants15172655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T02:08:58Z","timestamp":1788142138000},"page":"2655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Rust Fungus and Aphid Infestation on Plant Height and Seed Production of Impatiens parviflora DC."],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"P\u00e9ter","family":"Csontos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Soil Science, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network, Feh\u00e9rv\u00e1ri \u00fat 132-144., H-1116 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Centre for Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P. stny. 1\/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0242-8962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damian","family":"Chmura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Protection and Engineering, University of Bielsko-Bia\u0142a, 2 Willowa Str., PL-43-309 Bielsko-Bia\u0142a, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"K\u00e1roly","family":"Penksza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, P\u00e1ter K. u. 1., H-2100 G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Zsuzsanna","family":"Angyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P. stny. 1\/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e1s Albert","family":"Halbritter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Elementary and Pre-School Pedagogy, Istv\u00e1n Nemesk\u00fcrty Faculty of Teacher Training, Ludovika University of Public Service, Ludovika t\u00e9r 2., H-1083 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Orsolya","family":"Pint\u00e9r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrated Plant Protection, Institute of Plant Protection, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, P\u00e1ter K. u. 1., H-2100 G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5066-4911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zs\u00f3fia","family":"Kov\u00e1cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Soil Science, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network, Feh\u00e9rv\u00e1ri \u00fat 132-144., H-1116 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1393-5580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tibor","family":"Kalapos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Systematics, Ecology and Theoretical Biology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology, ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P. stny 1\/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0193-4871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00falia","family":"Tam\u00e1s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Hungarian National Museum Public Collection Centre, K\u00f6nyves K. krt. 40., 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