{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:10:21Z","timestamp":1792789821321,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Taishan Scholars Program","award":["tsqn202312291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tsqn202312291"]}]},{"name":"Taishan Industrial Experts Program","award":["tscx202507125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tscx202507125"]}]},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation","award":["ZR2024QC377"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2024QC377"]}]},{"name":"Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences","award":["CXGX2024F01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CXGX2024F01"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01fbgjv04","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["CXGX2024F01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CXGX2024F01"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01fbgjv04","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pumilio (Pum)-family proteins are evolutionarily conserved RNA-binding proteins that regulate post-transcriptional processes; however, their specific functions in staple crops, for example, wheat (Triticum aestivum), remain poorly understood. We identified 56 TaPum genes and classified them into three phylogenetic subgroups (I\u2013III). The larger TaPum family size in allohexaploid wheat was associated with retention of A-, B-, and D-subgenome homoeologs, segmental duplication, and tandem duplication. After separating homoeologous pairs, 17 segmental duplication pairs and five tandem duplication pairs were identified, and ratios of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions (Ka\/Ks) below 1 were consistent with purifying selection. Subgroup-specific motifs and the uneven distribution of cis-acting elements, particularly abscisic acid (ABA)- and methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-responsive elements, suggested potential divergence in promoter regulatory architecture. Transcriptomic profiling and independent quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed more consistent response of TaPum genes to salt stress than to cold or drought stress. Salt stress strongly promoted TaPum-III-5b expression, and its encoded protein exhibited nuclear and cytoplasmic localization. Heterologous overexpression of TaPum-III-5b in Arabidopsis thaliana increased salt tolerance, as indicated by enhanced survival; augmented peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities; and diminished accumulation of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) demonstrated sequence-specific binding of TaDREB2B to a dehydration-responsive element (DRE)-containing sequence in the TaPum-III-5b promoter, whereas dual-luciferase (Dual-LUC) analysis showed activation of the wild-type promoter. Together, these results support a proposed regulatory framework in which TaPum-III-5b may contribute to salt-stress responses through as-yet-unidentified downstream RNA targets. This study characterizes the Pum gene family in wheat and identifies the TaDREB2B-TaPum-III-5b module as a candidate regulatory pathway associated with salt-stress responses. Its potential application in wheat improvement requires further validation in wheat.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants15192912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T12:36:07Z","timestamp":1790166967000},"page":"2912","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genome-Wide Characterization of the Wheat Pum Gene Family and Heterologous Functional Analysis of TaPum-III-5b in Arabidopsis Under Salt Stress"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences\/National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Maize\/State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement\/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in North Yellow & Huai River Valley\/Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Wheat, Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengyong","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences\/National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Maize\/State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement\/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in North Yellow & Huai River Valley\/Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Wheat, Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences\/National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Maize\/State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement\/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in North Yellow & Huai River Valley\/Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Wheat, Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences\/National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Maize\/State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement\/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in North Yellow & Huai River Valley\/Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Wheat, Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences\/National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Maize\/State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement\/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in North Yellow & Huai River Valley\/Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Wheat, Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4263-1014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences\/National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Maize\/State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement\/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in North Yellow & Huai River Valley\/Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Wheat, Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Luyan Seed Co., Ltd., Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Luyan Seed Co., Ltd., Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingzhu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences\/National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Maize\/State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement\/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in North Yellow & Huai River Valley\/Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Wheat, Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baiqiang","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences\/National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Maize\/State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement\/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in North Yellow & Huai River Valley\/Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Wheat, Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2663","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.252106.114","article-title":"Pre-mRNA splicing is facilitated by an optimal RNA polymerase II elongation rate","volume":"28","author":"Fong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12048","article-title":"Exploring the RNA world in hematopoietic cells through the lens of RNA-binding proteins","volume":"253","author":"Yuan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunol. 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