{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T04:50:04Z","timestamp":1791435004272,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["32271617"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32271617"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["32371588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32371588"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["32302465"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32302465"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["32302380"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32302380"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["32271617"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32271617"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["32371588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32371588"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["32302465"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32302465"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["32302380"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32302380"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Joint Research Program of State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity","award":["SKLJRP2507"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKLJRP2507"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) are well recognized for their ability to recruit natural enemies of insect herbivores; however, their function in priming plant anti-herbivore defenses remains poorly elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that volatile exposure to a commercial \u03b2-ocimene isomer mixture (hereinafter referred to as \u03b2-ocimene) enhances anti-herbivore defense responses in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) against the polyphagous lepidopteran pest Spodoptera litura (Fabricius). Larval infestation by S. litura significantly upregulated the expression of ten terpene synthase (TPS) genes that govern the biosynthesis of four dominant monoterpene HIPVs: \u03b2-ocimene, (-)-\u03b1-phellandrene, myrcene, and limonene. Preliminary bioassays revealed that pre-exposure to these four monoterpenes significantly enhances tomato resistance to S. litura larvae, with \u03b2-ocimene exhibiting the most pronounced effect. A 24 h pre-exposure to \u03b2-ocimene substantially augmented tomato antiherbivore resistance, and this protective response persisted for up to 10 days. Biochemical and molecular analyses revealed that pre-exposure to \u03b2-ocimene elevated the endogenous accumulation of jasmonic acid (JA) and jasmonoyl-isoleucine, along with increased transcript levels of the JA biosynthetic genes LOXD and AOS. Consistently, the JA biosynthesis-deficient mutant spr8 failed to exhibit strengthened antiherbivore resistance upon \u03b2-ocimene pre-exposure. Collectively, our results demonstrate that \u03b2-ocimene pre-exposure enhances tomato antiherbivore resistance via activating JA biosynthesis, highlighting the potential ecological function of HIPVs in priming plant defense against insect pests.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants15193049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T09:34:18Z","timestamp":1791279258000},"page":"3049","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pre-Exposure to Volatile \u03b2-Ocimene Enhances Tomato Antiherbivore Resistance Against Polyphagous Lepidopteran Pest Spodoptera litura (Fabricius)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Lu","family":"Tong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Crop Biotechnology of Fujian Higher Education Institutes, Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Crop Biotechnology of Fujian Higher Education Institutes, Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0507-5772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Yuanxin","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Key Laboratory 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Biotechnology of Fujian Higher Education Institutes, Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Shiyao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Qianrong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crops Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, 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Laboratory of Biological Breeding for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Crop Biotechnology of Fujian Higher Education Institutes, Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, 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Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2746-078X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xianhui","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Crop Biotechnology of Fujian Higher Education Institutes, Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, 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