{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T10:46:22Z","timestamp":1784198782601,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]],"date-time":"2020-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Yac\u00f3n is a perennial crop with high insect resistance. Its leaves have many glandular trichomes, which may be related to pest resistance. In order to collect the constituents of glandular trichomes, leaves were rinsed using dichloromethane (DCM) to obtain the rinsate, and the plant residues were subsequently extracted by DCM to obtain a DCM extract containing the internal constituents of yac\u00f3n leaves. Biologic evaluations revealed that insect antifeedant activity was stronger for the rinsate than for the DCM extract against the common cutworm. The major constituents of rinsate were isolated by silica gel flash chromatography and were identified as sesquiterpene lactones (SLs), uvedalin (1) and enhydrin (2) and uvedalin aldehyde (3), collectively known as melampolides. Although SLs 1 and 2 exhibited remarkably strong insect antifeedant activity, SL 3 and reduced corresponding derivatives (4 and 5) of 1 and 2 exhibited moderate insect antifeedant activity. Additionally, the two analogs, parthenolide (6) and erioflorin (7) showed moderate insect antifeedant activity. The results indicate that the substituent patterns of SLs may be related to the insect antifeedant activities. The insect antifeedant activities of SLs 1 and 2 were similar to that of the positive control azadirachtin A (8), and thus these natural products may function in chemical defense against herbivores.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants9070848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]],"date-time":"2020-07-06T11:07:42Z","timestamp":1594033662000},"page":"848","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Chemical Defense of Yac\u00f3n (Smallanthus sonchifolius) Leaves against Phytophagous Insects: Insect Antifeedants from Yac\u00f3n Leaf Trichomes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Kaisei","family":"Tsunaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara 6318505, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2753-7436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masanori","family":"Morimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara 6318505, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2103","DOI":"10.1139\/v71-341","article-title":"Sesquiterpene lactones from pyrethrum flowers","volume":"49","author":"Doskotch","year":"1971","journal-title":"Can. 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