{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T13:41:09Z","timestamp":1790430069237,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]],"date-time":"2020-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Arbutus pavarii Pamp is a medicinal plant commonly used by local tribes in East Libya for the treatment of many diseases, such as gastritis, renal infections, cancer and kidney diseases. In this study, the antibacterial activity of the leaf and stem bark extracts of the plant against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), as well as the metabolite profiles of the bioactive fractions, was investigated. The antibacterial activity was determined by disc diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), while the microbial reduction by the bioactive fraction was evaluated using time\u2013kill test. The bioactive fraction was further subjected to ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS\/MS) analysis to putatively identify the chemical constituents contained therein. All the extracts and fractions showed different levels of antibacterial activity on the tested MRSA strains. The highest total antibacterial activity, i.e., 4007.6 mL\/g, was exhibited by the crude leaf methanolic extract. However, the ethyl acetate fraction of the leaf showed moderate to significant antibacterial activity against MRSA at low MIC (0.08\u20131.25 mg\/mL). Metabolite profiling of this fraction using UHPLC-ESI-MS\/MS resulted in the putative identification of 28 compounds, which included phenolic acids, flavan-3-ols and flavonols. The results of this study showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of Arbutus pavarii leaf possessed potential antibacterial activity against MRSA and hence can be further explored for pharmaceutical applications as a natural antibacterial agent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants9111539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]],"date-time":"2020-11-11T20:20:33Z","timestamp":1605126033000},"page":"1539","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Antibacterial Activity of Arbutus pavarii Pamp against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and UHPLC-MS\/MS Profile of the Bioactive Fraction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Nawal","family":"Buzgaia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya"},{"name":"Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahani","family":"Awin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fakhri","family":"Elabbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khaled","family":"Abdusalam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Gharyan, Gharyan, Libya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2997-7910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soo Yee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7807-4462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaya","family":"Rukayadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"},{"name":"Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8110-9424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faridah","family":"Abas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"},{"name":"Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khozirah","family":"Shaari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"73","article-title":"Phytochemical and antibacterial activity of chrysanthellum indicum (linn) extracts","volume":"2","author":"Laken","year":"2019","journal-title":"Afr. 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