{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T15:23:16Z","timestamp":1771600996004,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]],"date-time":"2019-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Calcinated tris(ethylenediamine)iron(III) chloride was used as a non-precious metal catalyst (NPMCs) for a proton exchanged membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) under the protection of polyaniline (PANI), which behaves as both nitrogen source and carbon supporter. The optimal ratio of FeCl3\/EDA was found to be close to 1\/3 under the consideration of the electrocatalytic performance, such as better oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and higher power density. Two-stage calcination, one at 900 \u00b0C in N2 and the other at 800 \u00b0C in mixed gases of N2 and NH3, result in an FeNxC catalyst (FeNC-900-800-A) with pretty high specific surface area of 1098 m2\u00b7g\u22121 covered with both micro- and mesopores. The ORR active sites focused mainly on Fe\u2013Nx bonding made of various pyridinic, pyrrolic, and graphitic N-s after calcination. The max. power density reaches 140 mW\u00b7cm\u22122 for FeNC-900-800-A, which is superior to other FeNxC catalysts, experiencing only one-stage calcination in N2. The FeNxC demonstrates only 10 mV half-wave-voltage (HWV) loss at 1600 rpm after 1000 redox cycles, as compared to be 27 mV for commercial Pt\/C catalyst in the durability test.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym11081368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]],"date-time":"2019-08-19T11:22:38Z","timestamp":1566213758000},"page":"1368","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["FeNxC Based Catalysts Prepared by the Calcination of Iron-Ethylenediamine@Polyaniline as the Cathode-Catalyst of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yen-Zen","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yun-Lin University of Science and Technology, 640 Yun-Lin, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1704-1629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Yao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Photonics, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tar-Hwa","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, 415, Chien-Kuo Road, Kaohsiung 80782, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Cheng","family":"Jheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, 415, Chien-Kuo Road, Kaohsiung 80782, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5717-3362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ko-Shan","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, 415, Chien-Kuo Road, Kaohsiung 80782, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sin-Wei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, 415, Chien-Kuo Road, Kaohsiung 80782, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for General Education (Math), Taipei City University of Science and Technology, 2 Xueyuan Rd., Beitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7491","DOI":"10.1039\/c0jm00782j","article-title":"Nitrogen-doped graphene and its electrochemical applications","volume":"20","author":"Shao","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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