{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T23:06:19Z","timestamp":1777071979457,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]],"date-time":"2019-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010751","name":"FONDECYT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3160648"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3160648"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010751","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010751","name":"FONDECYT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11181029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11181029"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010751","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010751","name":"FONDECYT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1181695"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1181695"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010751","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, we design and produce micron-sized fiber mats by blending poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) (PCL) with small amounts of block copolymers poly(ethylene oxide)m-block-poly(\u03b5-caprolactone)n (PEOm-b-PCLn) using electrospinning. Three different PEOm-b-PCLn block copolymers, with different molecular weights of PEO and PCL, were synthesized by ring opening polymerization of \u03b5-caprolactone using PEO as initiator and stannous octoate as catalyst. The polymer blends were prepared by homogenous solvent mixing using dichloromethane for further electrospinning procedures. After electrospinning, it was found that the addition to PCL of the different block copolymers produced micron-fibers with smaller width, equal or higher hydrophilicity, lower Young modulus, and rougher surfaces, as compared with micron-fibers obtained only with PCL. Neural stem progenitor cells (NSPC), isolated from rat brains and grown as neurospheres, were cultured on the fibrous materials. Immunofluorescence assays showed that the NSPC are able to survive and even differentiate into astrocytes and neurons on the synthetic fibrous materials without any growth factor and using the fibers as guidance. Disassembling of the cells from the NSPC and acquisition of cell specific molecular markers and morphology progressed faster in the presence of the block copolymers, which suggests the role of the hydrophilic character and porous topology of the fiber mats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym11101621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]],"date-time":"2019-10-08T09:00:38Z","timestamp":1570525238000},"page":"1621","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Fibrous Materials Made of Poly(\u03b5-caprolactone)\/Poly(ethylene oxide)-b-Poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) Blends Support Neural Stem Cells Differentiation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5132-7562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6292-3244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Montserrat","family":"Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Anatom\u00eda, Histolog\u00eda y Patolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judit G.","family":"Lisoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NM MultiMat, Instituto de Ciencias F\u00edsicas y Matem\u00e1ticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2038-4692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NM MultiMat, Instituto de Ciencias F\u00edsicas y Matem\u00e1ticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Araya-Hermosilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigaci\u00f3n, Desarrollo e Innovaci\u00f3n (PIDi), Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica Metropolitana, Santiago 8940577, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshimichi","family":"Shibue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Material Characterization Central Laboratory, School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Nishide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 165-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Moreno-Villoslada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4570-1487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario E.","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3653","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.24610","article-title":"Advanced therapeutic dressings for effective wound healing\u2014A Review","volume":"104","author":"Boateng","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-0950-2_17","article-title":"Biomaterials developments for brain tissue engineering","volume":"1078","author":"Oliveira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cutting-Edge Enabling Technologies for Regenerative Medicine"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2009.11.084","article-title":"Adult cell therapy for brain neuronal damages and the role of tissue engineering","volume":"31","author":"Delcroix","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1080\/09205063.2017.1394711","article-title":"PCL and PCL-based materials in biomedical applications","volume":"29","author":"Malikmammadov","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biomat. Sci. Polym. E."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-018-0084-5","article-title":"PCL-Based Composite Scaffold Matrices for Tissue Engineering Applications","volume":"60","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.5b00446","article-title":"Fetal brain extracellular matrix boosts neuronal network formation in 3D bioengineered model of cortical brain tissue","volume":"2","author":"Sood","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-008-0485-9","article-title":"Extracellular matrix of the central nervous system: From neglect to challenge","volume":"130","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Histochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2017.06.010","article-title":"Formation and remodeling of the brain extracellular matrix in neural plasticity: Roles of chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronan","volume":"1861","author":"Miyata","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat1421","article-title":"Porous scaffold design for tissue engineering","volume":"4","author":"Hollister","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2011.09.064","article-title":"Poly-\u03b5-caprolactone based formulations for drug delivery and tissue engineering: A review","volume":"158","author":"Dash","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1177\/0954411916680236","article-title":"Three-dimensional printed bone scaffolds: The role of nano\/micro-hydroxyapatite particles on the adhesion and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"231","author":"Domingos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. H"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2017.07.041","article-title":"Engineered electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)\/octacalcium phosphate (OCP) scaffold for bone tissue engineering","volume":"81","author":"Heydari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2019.109796","article-title":"Electrospun PLGA\/PCL\/OCP nanofiber membranes promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)","volume":"104","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2019.01.015","article-title":"3D printed PCL\/SrHA scaffold for enhanced bone regeneration","volume":"362","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34218","article-title":"3D-printed polycaprolactone scaffold mixed with \u03b2-tricalcium phosphate as a bone regenerative material in rabbit calvarial defects","volume":"107","author":"Pae","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2464","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34038","article-title":"Aerogels made of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate at high degree of neutralization: Biological properties toward wound healing","volume":"106","author":"Concha","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vidal, A., Giacaman, A., Oyarzun-Ampuero, F., Orellana, S., Aburto, I., Pavicic, F., S\u00e1nchez, A., L\u00f3pez, C., Morales, C., and Caro, M. (2013). Therapeutic potential of a low-cost device for wound healing: A study of three cases of healing after lower-extremity amputation in patients with diabetes. Am. J. Ther., 20.","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0b013e318235f309"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2009.12.010","article-title":"Modern surgical management of peripheral nerve gap","volume":"63","author":"Pabari","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Plast. Reconstr. Aesthet. Surg."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2013.04.002","article-title":"Nerve physiology: Mechanisms of injury and recovery","volume":"29","author":"Menorca","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hand Clin."},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Blitterswijk, C.A.V., and De Boer, J. (2014). Tissue Engineering of the Nervous System. Tissue Engineering (Second Edition), Oxford University Press."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2018.12.052","article-title":"Aligned hydrogel tubes guide regeneration following spinal cord injury","volume":"86","author":"Dumont","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2014.02.013","article-title":"Scaffolds from block polyurethanes based on poly(\u025b-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) for peripheral nerve regeneration","volume":"35","author":"Niu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.34732","article-title":"Alternating block polyurethanes based on PCL and PEG as potential nerve regeneration materials","volume":"102","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/1423-0127-16-108","article-title":"Development of biomaterial scaffold for nerve tissue engineering: Biomaterial mediated neural regeneration","volume":"16","author":"Subramanian","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biomed Sci"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/2045-8118-11-7","article-title":"Neural stem cells: Are they the hope of a better life for patients with fetal-onset hydrocephalus?","volume":"11","author":"Guerra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5457.1433","article-title":"Mammalian Neural Stem Cells","volume":"287","author":"Gage","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-018-0491-8","article-title":"Current and novel polymeric biomaterials for neural tissue engineering","volume":"25","author":"Boni","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Biomed Sci"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00006","article-title":"Three-Dimensional in Vitro Cell Culture Models in Drug Discovery and Drug Repositioning","volume":"9","author":"Langhans","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-391856-7.00041-X","article-title":"High-throughput screening in primary neurons","volume":"506","author":"Sharma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.141778","article-title":"Extracellular matrices, artificial neural scaffolds and the promise of neural regeneration","volume":"9","author":"Ricks","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8288","DOI":"10.1039\/C5NR06595J","article-title":"Chitin and carbon nanotube composites as biocompatible scaffolds for neuron growth","volume":"8","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.5059\/yukigoseikyokaishi.60.62","article-title":"Control over molecular weight and polydispersity of condensation polymers by chain-growth polycondensation","volume":"60","author":"Yokozawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Syn. Org. Chem. Jpn."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, W., Caetano, G., Ambler, W.S., Blaker, J.J., Frade, M.A., Mandal, P., Diver, C., and B\u00e1rtolo, P. (2016). Enhancing the Hydrophilicity and Cell Attachment of 3D Printed PCL\/Graphene Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. Materials, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma9120992"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4889","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(02)00247-8","article-title":"Surface modification of polycaprolactone with poly(methacrylic acid) and gelatin covalent immobilization for promoting its cytocompatibility","volume":"23","author":"Zhu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2985","DOI":"10.1039\/c3sm27739a","article-title":"Interactions between cells or proteins and surfaces exhibiting extreme wettabilities","volume":"9","author":"Song","year":"2013","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03218809","article-title":"Surface hydrolysis of fibrous poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) scaffolds for enhanced osteoblast adhesion and proliferation","volume":"15","author":"Park","year":"2007","journal-title":"Macromol. Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2013.05.106","article-title":"Effects of surface topography, hydrophilicity and chemistry of surface-treated PCL scaffolds on chondrocyte infiltration and ECM production","volume":"59","author":"Janvikul","year":"2013","journal-title":"Procedia Eng."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.34398","article-title":"Plasma treatment of electrospun PCL random nanofiber meshes (NFMs) for biological property improvement","volume":"101A","author":"Yan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7354396","article-title":"Cell adhesion on polycaprolactone modified by plasma treatment","volume":"2016","author":"Recek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mirhosseini, M.M., Haddadi-Asl, V., and Zargarian, S.S. (2016). Fabrication and characterization of hydrophilic poly(\u03b5-caprolactone)\/pluronic P123 electrospun fibers. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 133.","DOI":"10.1002\/app.43345"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1021\/bm020050r","article-title":"Compatibilization effect of poly(\u03b5-caprolactone)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymers and phase morphology analysis in immiscible poly(lactide)\/poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) blends","volume":"3","author":"Na","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2019.04.073","article-title":"Fabrication of doxycycline-loaded electrospun PCL\/PEO membranes for a potential drug delivery system","volume":"565","author":"Bulbul","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9218","DOI":"10.1039\/C7NR03326E","article-title":"Nanotopography featured polycaprolactone\/polyethyleneoxide microfibers modulate endothelial cell response","volume":"9","author":"Taskin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Visakh, P.M., Markovic, G., and Pasquini, D. (2017). Polymer blends: State of art. Recent Developments in Polymer Macro, Micro and Nano Blends, Woodhead Publishing.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-100408-1.00001-7"},{"key":"ref_45","unstructured":"Thomas, S., Shanks, R., and Chandrasekharakurup, S. (2014). Polymer Blends. Nanostructured Polymer Blends, William Andrew Publishing."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0032-3861(03)00167-8","article-title":"Miscibility and crystallization of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) blends","volume":"44","author":"Qiu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3392","DOI":"10.1039\/c3nr06197c","article-title":"Ultraporous interweaving electrospun microfibers from PCL\u2013PEO binary blends and their inflammatory responses","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5110","DOI":"10.1039\/C6SM00648E","article-title":"Crystallization behaviour of poly(ethylene oxide) under confinement in the electrospun nanofibers of polystyrene\/poly(ethylene oxide) blends","volume":"12","author":"Samanta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2016.12.023","article-title":"Three-dimensional functional human neuronal networks in uncompressed low-density electrospun fiber scaffolds","volume":"13","author":"Jakobsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nanomedicine NBM"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45578","DOI":"10.1002\/app.45578","article-title":"Electrospinning of polycaprolactone nanofibers using H2O as benign additive in polycaprolactone\/glacial acetic acid solution","volume":"135","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0032-3861(01)00336-6","article-title":"Controlled deposition of electrospun poly(ethylene oxide) fibers","volume":"42","author":"Deitzel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2685","DOI":"10.1039\/C8PY00378E","article-title":"Electrospun nanofiber reinforced composites: A review","volume":"9","author":"Jiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15096","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-018-2700-y","article-title":"Microstructures and mechanical properties of aligned electrospun carbon nanofibers from binary composites of polyacrylonitrile and polyamic acid","volume":"53","author":"Duan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2010.05.048","article-title":"Surface hydrophilization of electrospun PLGA micro-\/nano-fibers by blending with Pluronic\u00ae F-108","volume":"51","author":"Vasita","year":"2010","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1080\/1023666X.2016.1192837","article-title":"Facile fabrication of novel polycaprolactone-based electrospun fibers using in-process water exposure","volume":"21","author":"Zargarian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15929","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcb.5b10274","article-title":"Stability of Water\/Poly(ethylene oxide)43-b-poly(\u03b5-caprolactone)14\/Cyclohexanone Emulsions Involves Water Exchange between the Core and the Bulk","volume":"119","author":"Flores","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.1002\/marc.200500591","article-title":"PEO-b-PCL block copolymers: Synthesis, detailed characterization, and selected micellar drug encapsulation behavior","volume":"26","author":"Meier","year":"2005","journal-title":"Macromol. Rapid Comm."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aid, S., Eddhahak, A., Ortega, Z., Froelich, D., and Tcharkhtchi, A. (2017). Experimental study of the miscibility of ABS\/PC polymer blends and investigation of the processing effect. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 134.","DOI":"10.1002\/app.44975"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7473","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8473","article-title":"Mixing of immiscible polymers using nanoporous coordination templates","volume":"6","author":"Uemura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chan, C.H., Chia, C.H., and Thomas, S. (2014). Physical Chemistry of Macromolecules: Macro to Nanoscales, CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/b16706"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jun, I., Han, H.-S., Edwards, R.J., and Jeon, H. (2018). Electrospun fibrous scaffolds for tissue engineering: Viewpoints on architecture and fabrication. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19030745"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10884","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1519676113","article-title":"Distinct biological events generated by ECM proteolysis by two homologous collagenases","volume":"113","author":"Solomonov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8416","DOI":"10.1039\/c4ta00417e","article-title":"Phase separation in electrospun nanofibers controlled by crystallization induced self-assembly","volume":"2","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-00181-0","article-title":"Steering surface topographies of electrospun fibers: Understanding the mechanisms","volume":"7","author":"Yazgan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1021\/ma0351975","article-title":"Controlling Surface Morphology of Electrospun Polystyrene Fibers:\u2009 Effect of Humidity and Molecular Weight in the Electrospinning Process","volume":"37","author":"Casper","year":"2004","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1186\/s11671-018-2705-0","article-title":"Controlling the Secondary Surface Morphology of Electrospun PVDF Nanofibers by Regulating the Solvent and Relative Humidity","volume":"13","author":"Zaarour","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nanoscale Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1021\/ma4026477","article-title":"Suppression of Poly(ethylene oxide) Crystallization in Diblock Copolymers of Poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) Confined to Nanoporous Alumina","volume":"47","author":"Suzuki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2017.02.016","article-title":"Surface properties evolution in electrospun polymer blends by segregation of hydrophilic or amphiphilic molecules","volume":"89","author":"Kurusu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4939","DOI":"10.1021\/ie302185e","article-title":"Crystalline Morphology of Electrospun Poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) (PCL) Nanofibers","volume":"52","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160911","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.160911","article-title":"Fabrication and characterization of electrospun poly(e-caprolactone) fibrous membrane with antibacterial functionality","volume":"4","author":"Cerkez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Royal Soc. Open Sci."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1177\/030098589403100201","article-title":"Astrocytes: Form, Functions, and Roles in Disease","volume":"31","author":"Montgomery","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Treuting, P.M., and Dintzis, S.M. (2012). 20 - Nervous System. Comparative Anatomy and Histology, Academic Press. Available online: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-381361-9.00020-2.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-381361-9.00020-2"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.440040103","article-title":"Laminin and s-laminin are produced and released by astrocytes, schwann cells, and schwannomas in culture","volume":"4","author":"Chiu","year":"1991","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.09-150573","article-title":"Thrombospondin 1-a key astrocyte-derived neurogenic factor","volume":"24","author":"Lu","year":"2010","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/321209","article-title":"Astrocyte-secreted matricellular proteins in CNS remodelling during development and disease","volume":"2014","author":"Jones","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neural Plast."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghosh, H.S. (2019). Adult Neurogenesis and the Promise of Adult Neural Stem Cells. J. Exp. Neurosci., 13.","DOI":"10.1177\/1179069519856876"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2012.09.002","article-title":"Signaling mechanisms regulating adult neural stem cells and neurogenesis","volume":"1830","author":"Faigle","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1673","article-title":"Concise Review: Forkhead Pathway in the Control of Adult Neurogenesis","volume":"32","author":"Genin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(04)00255-7","article-title":"Socializing with the neighbors: Stem cells and their niche","volume":"116","author":"Fuchs","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.01.033","article-title":"Mechanisms and functional implications of adult neurogenesis","volume":"132","author":"Zhao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.35318","article-title":"Use of polycaprolactone (PCL) as scaffolds for the regeneration of nerve tissue","volume":"103","author":"Barbarisi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A"}],"container-title":["Polymers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/11\/10\/1621\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:28:09Z","timestamp":1760189289000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/11\/10\/1621"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}},"alternative-id":["polym11101621"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym11101621","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]]}}}