{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T11:35:27Z","timestamp":1788176127089,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,11]],"date-time":"2020-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2017YFE0106800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFE0106800"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, corncob residue (CR) valorization was simply and efficiently realized via carboxymethylation, and its enhanced performance as fillers in urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin was investigated. The structures of corncob residue and carboxymethylated derivative were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman techniques, respectively. The thermal stability, morphology, viscosity control, and adhesive strength were then investigated to evaluate its performance as fillers in UF resin composite. Similar to commercial flour, carboxymethylated CR could effectively disperse in UF resin. It also exhibited a better initial viscosity control between 30 and 50 \u00b0C. The adhesive test analysis showed that the shear strength of resin with carboxymethylated CR addition could reach 1.04 MPa, which was comparable to flour (0.99 MPa) and significantly higher than raw CR (0.45 MPa). Moreover, a low formaldehyde emission was observed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym12030638","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]],"date-time":"2020-03-13T08:58:59Z","timestamp":1584089939000},"page":"638","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Structures, Properties and Potential Applications of Corncob Residue Modified by Carboxymethylation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Shishuai","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China"},{"name":"College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yupeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China"},{"name":"Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunpeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China"},{"name":"Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuxiang","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China"},{"name":"Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0117-0186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daihui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China"},{"name":"Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesa.2015.08.038","article-title":"A review of recent developments in natural fibre composites and their mechanical performance","volume":"83","author":"Pickering","year":"2016","journal-title":"Compos. 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