{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T16:19:43Z","timestamp":1770999583202,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]],"date-time":"2021-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["NSC100-2314-B-016-028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSC100-2314-B-016-028"]}]},{"name":"Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan","award":["TSGH-C106-075, TSGH-C105-093, TSGH-C104-097, TSGH-C103-098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TSGH-C106-075, TSGH-C105-093, TSGH-C104-097, TSGH-C103-098"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We prepared polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and urchin-like Ag\u2013Au bimetallic or Ag nanoparticle-decorated PAN nonwoven mats using electrospinning and evaluated them in vitro and in vivo for wound healing, antibacterial effects on skin tissue, and promotion of bone ingrowth in vitro. A facile, green, low-temperature protocol was developed to obtain these nonwoven mats. The sterilization rate of urchin-like Ag\u2013Au bimetallic and Ag nanoparticle-decorated PAN nonwoven mats against Staphylococcus aureus was 96.81 \u00b1 2.81% and 51.90 \u00b1 9.07%, respectively, after 5 h treatment. In an in vitro cell model, these two mats did not show significant toxicity; cell viability of &gt;80% was obtained within 5 h of treatment. In vivo animal model preclinical assessment showed that the urchin-like Ag\u2013Au bimetallic nonwoven mat group showed significant wound recovery because of sebaceous gland, hair follicle, and fat formation during skin tissue regeneration; increased neovascularization and compact collagen fibers were observed in the dermal layer, comparable to the findings for the control group. The mother substrate of the urchin-like Ag\u2013Au bimetallic nanoparticle-decorated PAN nonwoven mats, that is, pure PAN nonwoven mats, was found to be a potential scaffold for bone tissue engineering as osteoblast ingrowth from the top to the bottom of the membrane and proliferation inside the membrane were observed. The key genetic factor Cbfa1 was identified as a key osteoblast differentiation regulator in vitro. Thus, electrospun membrane materials show potential for use as dual-functional biomaterials for bone regeneration and infection control and composite grafts for infectious bone and soft tissue defects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13040516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T04:33:46Z","timestamp":1612931626000},"page":"516","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Evaluation of Polyacrylonitrile Nonwoven Mats and Silver\u2013Gold Bimetallic Nanoparticle-Decorated Nonwoven Mats for Potential Promotion of Wound Healing In Vitro and In Vivo and Bone Growth In Vitro"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Meng-Yi","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan"},{"name":"Adjunct Appointment to the Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fang-Yu","family":"Ku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jia-Fwu","family":"Shyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Anatomy, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4065-1807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2563-8679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chia-Chun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1007\/s11051-010-9900-y","article-title":"A Review of the Antibacterial Effects of Silver Nanomaterials and Potential Implications for Human Health and the Environment","volume":"12","author":"Jones","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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