{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T23:32:43Z","timestamp":1789601563188,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]],"date-time":"2021-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Central Mining Institute","award":["Statutory Work No. 11184020-160"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Statutory Work No. 11184020-160"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The present paper describes the application of two types of food-industry by-products, brewers\u2019 spent grain (BSG), and coffee silverskin (\u0141K) as promising alternatives for the conventional beech wood flour (WF) for wood\u2013polymer composites. The main goal was to investigate the impact of partial and complete WF substitution by BSG and \u0141K on the processing, structure, physicochemical, mechanical, and thermal properties of resulting composites. Such modifications enabled significant enhancement of the melt flowability, which could noticeably increase the processing throughput. Replacement of WF with BSG and \u0141K improved the ductility of composites, which affected their strength however. Such an effect was attributed to the differences in chemical composition of fillers, particularly the presence of proteins and lipids, which acted as plasticizers. Composites containing food-industry by-products were also characterized by the lower thermal stability compared to conventional WF. Nevertheless, the onset of decomposition exceeding 215 \u00b0C guarantees a safe processing window for polyethylene-based materials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13060893","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]],"date-time":"2021-03-14T23:52:06Z","timestamp":1615765926000},"page":"893","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["By-Products from Food Industry as a Promising Alternative for the Conventional Fillers for Wood\u2013Polymer Composites"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9125-6164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksander","family":"Hejna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymer Technology, Gda\u0144sk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11\/12, 80-233 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5853-9565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerzy","family":"Korol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Material Engineering, Central Mining Institute, Pl. Gwark\u00f3w 1, 40-166 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulina","family":"Kosmela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymer Technology, Gda\u0144sk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11\/12, 80-233 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Kuzmin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanics and Power Engineering Institute, Ogarev Mordovia State University, 68 Bolshevistskaya Street, Saransk 430005, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1019-633X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Piasecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materials Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 61-138 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9371-8702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arkadiusz","family":"Kulawik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Material Engineering, Central Mining Institute, Pl. Gwark\u00f3w 1, 40-166 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u0142a\u017cej","family":"Chmielnicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paint &amp; Plastics Department in Gliwice, Institute for Engineering of Polymer Materials and Dyes, 50 A Chorzowska Street, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2019.06.011","article-title":"Quantification of food waste per product group along the food supply chain in the European Union: A mass flow analysis","volume":"149","author":"Caldeira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recy."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2021, February 26). Food Wastage: Key Facts and Figures. 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