{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T12:25:32Z","timestamp":1792499132171,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010198","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PROMADEPCOL (MAT2017-84909-C2-2-R)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PROMADEPCOL (MAT2017-84909-C2-2-R)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010198","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gum rosin (GR) was used as a natural additive to improve the compatibility between polylactic acid, PLA, and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate, PBAT, blended with 20 wt.% of PBAT (PLA\/PBAT). The PBAT was used as a soft component to increase the ductility of PLA and its fracture toughness. The coalescence of the PBAT domains was possible due to the plasticization effect of the GR component. These domains contributed to increasing the toughness of the final material due to the variation and control of the PBAT domains\u2019 size and consequently, reducing the stress concentration points. The GR was used in contents of 5, 10, 15, and 20 phr. Consequently, the flexural properties were improved and the impact resistance increased up to 80% in PLA\/PBAT_15GR with respect to the PLA\/PBAT formulation. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images allowed observing that the size of PBAT domains of 2\u20133 \u00b5m was optimal to reduce the impact stress. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed a reduction of up to 8 \u00b0C on the PLA melting temperature and up to 5.3 \u00b0C of the PLA glass transition temperature in the PLA\/PBAT_20GR formulation, which indicates an improvement in the processability of PLA. Finally, transparent films with improved oxygen barrier performance and increased hydrophobicity were obtained suggesting the potential interest of these blends for the food packaging industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13121913","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T21:16:58Z","timestamp":1623187018000},"page":"1913","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Gum Rosin as a Size Control Agent of Poly(Butylene Adipate-Co-Terephthalate) (PBAT) Domains to Increase the Toughness of Packaging Formulations Based on Polylactic Acid (PLA)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3491-6618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Aldas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Tecnolog\u00eda de Materiales (ITM), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia (UPV), 03801 Alcoy, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencia de Alimentos y Biotecnolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica y Agroindustria, Escuela Polit\u00e9cnica Nacional, 170517 Quito, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1269-4973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Miguel","family":"Ferri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Tecnolog\u00eda de Materiales (ITM), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia (UPV), 03801 Alcoy, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana Luca","family":"Motoc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Automotive and Transport Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, Eroilor Av., 500036 Brasov, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6542-091X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Peponi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de Pol\u00edmeros (ICTP-CSIC), C\/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1816-011X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina Patricia","family":"Arrieta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica Industrial y del Medio Ambiente, Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid (ETSII-UPM), Calle Jos\u00e9 Guti\u00e9rrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n: Pol\u00edmeros, Caracterizaci\u00f3n y Aplicaciones (POLCA), 28006 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6904-2282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"L\u00f3pez-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Tecnolog\u00eda de Materiales (ITM), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia (UPV), 03801 Alcoy, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Nova-Institut GmbH (2021, February 15). 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