{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T21:49:35Z","timestamp":1792705775240,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":235,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019\/12997-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\/12997-6"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019\/16853-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\/16853-9"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017\/22401-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\/22401-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The accumulation of plastic wastes in different environments has become a topic of major concern over the past decades; therefore, technologies and strategies aimed at mitigating the environmental impacts of petroleum products have gained worldwide relevance. In this scenario, the production of bioplastics mainly from polysaccharides such as starch is a growing strategy and a field of intense research. The use of plasticizers, the preparation of blends, and the reinforcement of bioplastics with lignocellulosic components have shown promising and environmentally safe alternatives for overcoming the limitations of bioplastics, mainly due to the availability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility of such resources. This review addresses the production of bioplastics composed of polysaccharides from plant biomass and its advantages and disadvantages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13152484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T05:23:48Z","timestamp":1627449828000},"page":"2484","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":257,"title":["Advantages and Disadvantages of Bioplastics Production from Starch and Lignocellulosic Components"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mateus Manabu","family":"Abe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research in Bioenergy (IPBEN), S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13500-230, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00falia Ribeiro","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research in Bioenergy (IPBEN), S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13500-230, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8837-2797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula Bertolino","family":"Sanvezzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Engineering, S\u00e3o Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of S\u00e3o Paulo (USP), S\u00e3o Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Vitor","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research in Bioenergy (IPBEN), S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13500-230, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7203-765X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcia Cristina","family":"Branciforti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Engineering, S\u00e3o Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of S\u00e3o Paulo (USP), S\u00e3o Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Halley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Level 3, Don Nicklin Building (74), St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3382-7747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vagner Roberto","family":"Botaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science and Technology Center for Sustainability\u2014CCTS, Federal University of S\u00e3o Carlos, Rodovia Jo\u00e3o Leme dos Santos, Km 110, Sorocaba 18052-780, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3096-8843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michel","family":"Brienzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research in Bioenergy (IPBEN), S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13500-230, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaza, S., Yao, L.C., Bhada-Tata, P., and Van Woerden, F. (2018). What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050, Urban Development Series. World Bank: Urban Development Series, World Bank.","DOI":"10.1596\/978-1-4648-1329-0"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1700782","article-title":"Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made","volume":"3","author":"Geyer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-2244(02)00280-7","article-title":"Biodegradable films and composite coatings: Past, present and future","volume":"14","author":"Tharanathan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0311","article-title":"Plastics recycling: Challenges and opportunities","volume":"364","author":"Hopewell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Bioplastics-biobased plastics as renewable and\/or biodegradable alternatives to petroplastics. Kirk-Othmer Encycl","volume":"6","author":"Lackner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Technol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.05.084","article-title":"Plastic waste in the marine environment: A review of sources, occurrence and effects","volume":"566\u2013567","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paula, F.C., Paula, C.B.C., and Contiero, J. (2018). Prospective Biodegradable Plastics from Biomass Conversion Processes. Biofuels State Dev.","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.75111"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1080\/15583720902834759","article-title":"Innovation and industrial trends in bioplastics","volume":"49","author":"Queiroz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Polym. Rev."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1002\/pts.2770080607","article-title":"Technology and applications of edible protective films","volume":"8","author":"Guilbert","year":"1995","journal-title":"Packag. Technol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2013.06.003","article-title":"Review: Application of bioplastics for food packaging","volume":"32","author":"Peelman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Liu, L. (2012, October 10). Bioplastics in Food Packaging: Innovative Technologies for Biodegradable Packaging. Available online: http:\/\/www.iopp.org\/files\/public\/SanJoseLiuCompetitionFeb06.pdf."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2005.03.012","article-title":"Reducing water absorption in compostable starch-based plastics","volume":"90","author":"Benko","year":"2005","journal-title":"Polym. Degrad. Stab."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1002\/masy.200690017","article-title":"Optimization of biodegradable nanocomposites based on a PLA\/PCL blends for food packaging applications","volume":"233","author":"Cabedo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Macromol. Symp."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-9290.2008.00039.x","article-title":"Can nanotechnology improve the sustainability of biobased products? The case of layered silicate biopolymer nanocomposites","volume":"12","author":"Joshi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Ind. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2009.10.065","article-title":"Biocomposites based on renewable resource: Acetylated and non acetylated cellulose cardboard coated with polyhydroxybutyrate","volume":"50","author":"Cyras","year":"2009","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"Shen, L., Haufe, J., and Patel, M.K. (2009). Product Overview and Market Projection of Emerging Bio-Based Plastics PRO-BIP 2009, European Polysaccharide Network of Excellence (EPNOE) and European Bioplastics."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1541-4337.2010.00126.x","article-title":"Poly-Lactic Acid: Production, applications, nanocomposites, and release studies","volume":"9","author":"Jamshidian","year":"2010","journal-title":"Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2010.12.021","article-title":"Effect of nanoclay incorporation method on mechanical and water vapor barrier properties of starch-based films","volume":"33","author":"Laurindo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2008.12.045","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of glycerol plasticized-pea starch\/ZnO-carboxymethylcellulose sodium nanocomposites","volume":"100","author":"Yu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"578","article-title":"Production of first and second generation biofuels: A comprehensive review. Renewable and Sustainable","volume":"14","author":"Naik","year":"2010","journal-title":"Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Pachauri, R.K., and Meyer, L.A. (2014). Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team], IPCC."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.21894\/jopr.2017.2902.01","article-title":"Review of biofuel production\u2014Feedstocks, processess and market","volume":"29","author":"Neuling","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Oil Palm Res."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2012.12.018","article-title":"Microbial acid-stable \u03b1-amylases: Characteristics, genetic engineering and applications","volume":"48","author":"Sharma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Process Biochem."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Mathlouthi, M. (1996). Emballage Et Conservation Des Produits Alimentaire, Polytechnica."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"287","article-title":"Polysaccharide-based Biomaterials with Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties","volume":"23","author":"Coma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pol\u00edmeros"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-83822010000400004","article-title":"Application of microbial \u03b1-amilase in industry\u2014A review","volume":"41","author":"Souza","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brasilian J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2006.11.021","article-title":"The study of starch nano-unit chain in the gelatinization process","volume":"68","author":"Peng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Halley, P.J., Truss, R.W., Markotsis, M.G., Chaleat, C., Russo, M., Sargent, A.L., Tan, I., and Sopade, P.A. (2007). A review of biodegradable thermoplastic starch polymers. Polym. Durab. Radiat. Eff., 287\u2013300.","DOI":"10.1021\/bk-2007-0978.ch024"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2008.09.016","article-title":"Form and functionality of starch","volume":"23","author":"Copeland","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vibspec.2005.06.001","article-title":"Outer-product analysis (OPA) using PLS regression to study the retrogradation of starch","volume":"40","author":"Jaillais","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vib. Spectrosc."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315372822-11","article-title":"Starch: Physicochemical and functional aspects","volume":"10","author":"Eliasson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Food."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1081\/MC-200029326","article-title":"Biodegradable multiphase systems based on plasticized starch\u2014Part C: Polymers reviews","volume":"44","author":"Averous","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Macromol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1002\/star.200300256","article-title":"The effects of plasticizers containing amide groups on the properties of thermoplastic starch","volume":"56","author":"Ma","year":"2004","journal-title":"Starch\/Starke"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Han, J.H. (2005). Edible films and coatings from starches. Innovations in Food Packaging, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012311632-1\/50047-4"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2008.09.002","article-title":"Effect of cellulose fibers addition on the mechanical properties and water vapor barrier of starch -based films","volume":"23","author":"Laurindo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-5373-mr-2016-0881","article-title":"Thermoplastic Waxy Starch Films Processed by Extrusion and Pressing: Effect of Glycerol and Water Concentration","volume":"20","author":"Manoel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesa.2015.10.041","article-title":"Review of the recent developments in cellulose nanocomposite processing","volume":"83","author":"Oksman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/app.39981","article-title":"Extrusion processing of green biocomposites: Compounding, fibrillation efficiency, and fiber dispersion","volume":"131","author":"Hietala","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8105","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-020-03287-3","article-title":"One-step twin-screw extrusion process of cellulose fibers and hydroxyethyl cellulose to produce fibrillated cellulose biocomposite","volume":"27","author":"Taheri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cellulose"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herrera, N., Singh, A.A., Salaberria, A.M., Labidi, J., Mathew, A.P., and Oksman, K. (2017). Triethyl citrate (TEC) as a dispersing aid in polylactic acid\/chitin nanocomposites prepared via liquid-assisted extrusion. Polymers (Basel), 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym9090406"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.730-732.20","article-title":"Effect of the injection moulding processing conditions on biopolymers final properties","volume":"730\u2013732","author":"Teixeira","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Forum"},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of the injection moulding processing conditions on the development of pea protein-based bioplastics","volume":"133","author":"Felix","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"270","article-title":"PHBV crystallization under injection molding conditions: Influence of packing pressure and mold temperature","volume":"6","author":"Sleiman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Renew. Mater."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1021\/bm049925n","article-title":"Material properties of plasticized hardwood xylans for potential application as oxygen barrier films","volume":"5","author":"Eriksson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10685","DOI":"10.1021\/jf071893i","article-title":"Production and characterization of films from cotton stalk xylan","volume":"55","author":"Goksu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2009.05.003","article-title":"Novel nanocellulosic xylan composite film","volume":"40","author":"Saxena","year":"2009","journal-title":"Compos. Part B Eng."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3321","DOI":"10.1021\/bm2008795","article-title":"Nanocomposite films based on xylan rich hemicelluloses and cellulose nanofibers with enhanced mechanical properties","volume":"12","author":"Peng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2621.1993.tb03246.x","article-title":"Water and glycerol as plasticizers affect mechanical and water vapor barrier properties of an edible wheat gluten film","volume":"58","author":"Gontard","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Chic."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2013.12.030","article-title":"Properties of polyvinyl alcohol\/xylan composite films with citric acid","volume":"103","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2016.03.040","article-title":"Comparative study on properties of edible films based on pinh\u00e3o (Araucaria angustifolia) starch and flour","volume":"60","author":"Daudt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2004.01.004","article-title":"Barrier, mechanical and optical properties of plasticized yam starch films","volume":"56","author":"Mali","year":"2004","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcs.2009.11.014","article-title":"Biodegradable films based on rice starch and rice flour","volume":"51","author":"Dias","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cereal Sci."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1021\/jf960352i","article-title":"Selected functional properties of fish myofibrillar protein-based films as affected by hydrophilic plasticizers","volume":"45","author":"Cuq","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1006\/fstl.2002.0929","article-title":"Preparation and physical properties of zein coated high amylose corn starch film","volume":"35","author":"Ryu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lebensm. Wiss. Undtechnologie"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfoodeng.2010.03.033","article-title":"Physical properties of edible emulsified films based on pistachio globulin protein and fatty acids","volume":"100","author":"Zahedi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Food Eng."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2010.10.016","article-title":"Improving the barrier and mechanical properties of corn starch-based edible films: Effect of citric acid and carboxymethyl cellulose","volume":"33","author":"Ghanbarzadeh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2011.02.004","article-title":"Edible films and coatings: Structures, active function and trends in their use","volume":"22","author":"Falguera","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2011.10.018","article-title":"Cassava starch biodegradable films: Influence of glycerol and clay nanoparticle content on tensile and barrier properties and glass transition temperature","volume":"46","author":"Souza","year":"2012","journal-title":"LWT Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2014.04.004","article-title":"Effect of candelilla wax on functional properties of biopolymer emulsion films. A comparative study","volume":"41","author":"Kowalczyk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2014.09.005","article-title":"Development of thermoplastic starch blown film by incorporating plasticized chitosan","volume":"115","author":"Dang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbp.2014.05.004","article-title":"Active biocomposites of cassava starch: The effect of yerba mate extract and mango pulp as antioxidant additives on the properties and the stability of a packaged product","volume":"94","author":"Reis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Bioproduct. Process."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.12197","article-title":"Art and Science behind Modified Starch Edible Films and Coatings: A Review","volume":"15","author":"Shah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2009.07.001","article-title":"Thermal processing of starch-based polymers","volume":"34","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prog. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2013.05.002","article-title":"Starch-based nano-biocomposites","volume":"38","author":"Xie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2014.11.038","article-title":"Study on ternary low density polyethylene\/linear low density polyethylene\/thermoplastic starch blend films","volume":"119","author":"Sabetzadeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12447","DOI":"10.1111\/jfpe.12447","article-title":"Thermoplastic starch: A possible biodegradable food packaging material\u2014A review","volume":"40","author":"Khan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Food Process Eng."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308-8146(02)00416-8","article-title":"Morphological, thermal and rheological properties of starches from different botanical sources","volume":"81","author":"Singh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfoodeng.2005.04.031","article-title":"Effects of controlled storage on thermal, mechanical and barrier properties of plasticized films from different starch sources","volume":"75","author":"Mali","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Food Eng."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1007\/s10924-019-01406-1","article-title":"Studies on the Combined Impact of Starch Source and Multiple Processing on Selected Properties of Thermoplastic Starch\/Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Blends","volume":"27","author":"Hejna","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Polym. Environ."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3841.2010.01961.x","article-title":"Characterization and antimicrobial activity of sweet potato starch-based edible film containing origanum (Thymus capitatus) oil","volume":"76","author":"Ehivet","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2012.04.017","article-title":"Edible films made from blends of manioc starch and gelatin\u2014Influence of different types of plasticizer and different levels of macromolecules on their properties","volume":"49","author":"Fakhoury","year":"2012","journal-title":"LWT Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.1177\/0731684414558325","article-title":"Bioplastic based on Starch and Cellulose Nanocrystals from Rice Straw","volume":"33","author":"Agustin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Reinf. Plast. Compos."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fpsl.2016.10.007","article-title":"A biodegradable and edible packaging film based on papaya puree, gelatin, and defatted soy protein","volume":"10","author":"Tulamandi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Packag. Shelf Life"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sanyang, M.L., Sapuan, S.M., Jawaid, M., Ishak, M.R., and Sahari, J. (2016). Development and characterization of sugar palm starch and poly (lactic acid) bilayer films. Carbohydr. Polym.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.03.051"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.150","article-title":"Influence of oxidized starch on physico mechanical, thermal properties, and atomic force micrographs of cassava starch bioplastic film","volume":"135","author":"Oluwasina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_76","first-page":"1855","article-title":"Physical Properties and Water Vapour Permeability of Blends Produced with Gelatin and Modified Maranta Arundinacea Starch","volume":"57","author":"Makishi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Trans."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-005X(01)00061-3","article-title":"Mechanical, water vapour barrier and thermal properties of gelatin based edible films","volume":"15","author":"Sobral","year":"2001","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2014.03.028","article-title":"Development of active gelatin-based nanocomposite films produced in an automatic spreader","volume":"63","author":"Vanin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.3390\/polym7061106","article-title":"Effect of Plasticizer Type and Concentration on Tensile, Thermal and Barrier Properties of Biodegradable Films Based on Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata) Starch","volume":"7","author":"Sanyang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves, S.M., Gomes Motta, J.F., Ribeiro, R.S., Hidalgo Ch\u00e1vez, D.W., and Ramos de Melo, N. (2020). Functional and antimicrobial properties of cellulose acetate films incorporated with sweet fennel essential oil and plasticizers. Curr. Res. Food Sci.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crfs.2020.01.001"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfoodeng.2011.02.029","article-title":"Biodegradable packages development from starch based heat sealable films","volume":"105","author":"Lecot","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Food Eng."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2016.10.025","article-title":"Hydroxypropylation improves film properties of high amylose corn starch","volume":"95","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.15406\/mojfpt.2019.07.00231","article-title":"Role of plasticizers in bioplastics","volume":"7","author":"Tyagi","year":"2019","journal-title":"MOJ Food Process Technol."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2020.12.015","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of starch based bioplatics using varying plant-based ingredients, plasticizers and natural fillers","volume":"28","author":"Arifa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_85","first-page":"149","article-title":"Plasticizer effect on the properties of biodegradable blend film from rice starch-chitosan","volume":"30","author":"Bourtoom","year":"2007","journal-title":"Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfoodeng.2006.07.016","article-title":"Water vapor permeability of edible starch based films","volume":"80","author":"Bertuzzi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Food Eng."},{"key":"ref_87","first-page":"20","article-title":"Innovative value chain development of modified starch for a sustainable environment: A review","volume":"2","author":"Ashok","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Polym. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_88","first-page":"497","article-title":"Surface Hydrophobicity of Starch Acetate for Enhanced Bioplastic Properties","volume":"12","author":"Abel","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mater. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1590\/fst.34217","article-title":"Effect of the degree of acetylation, plasticizer concentration and relative humidity on cassava starch films properties","volume":"39","author":"Schmidt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nevoralov\u00e1, M., Koutn\u00fd, M., Uj\u010di\u0107, A., Hor\u00e1k, P., Kredtusov\u00e1, J., \u0160er\u00e1, J., R\u016f\u017eek, L., R\u016f\u017ekov\u00e1, M., Krej\u010d\u00edkov\u00e1, S., and \u0160louf, M. (2019). Controlled biodegradability of functionalized thermoplastic starch based materials. Polym. Degrad. Stab., 170.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2019.108995"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.14710\/reaktor.19.3.125-130","article-title":"Biofilm Based on Modified Sago Starch: Preparation and Characterization","volume":"19","author":"Sondari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reaktor"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/s42452-021-04433-7","article-title":"Evaluation of the effects of additives on the properties of starch-based bioplastic film","volume":"3","author":"Oluwasina","year":"2021","journal-title":"SN Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2015.04.010","article-title":"Characteristics and properties of hydroxypropylated rice starch based biodegradable films","volume":"50","author":"Woggum","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abe, M.M., Branciforti, M.C., and Brienzo, M. (2021). Biodegradation of Hemicellulose-Cellulose-Starch-Based Bioplastics and Microbial Polyesters. Recycling, 6.","DOI":"10.3390\/recycling6010022"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-0229(94)00120-G","article-title":"Starch esters as biodegradable plastics: Effects of ester group chain length and degree of substitution on anaerobic biodegradation","volume":"17","author":"Rivard","year":"1995","journal-title":"Enzym. Microb. Technol."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.17221\/292\/2010-CJFS","article-title":"Application of wheat B-starch in biodegradable plastic materials","volume":"29","author":"Kotek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Czech J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-014-4092-9","article-title":"Effects of acetylation and acetylation\u2013hydroxypropylation (dual-modification) on the properties of starch from Carioca bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)","volume":"119","author":"Granza","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Therm. Anal. Calorim."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesa.2005.12.019","article-title":"Development of high strength biodegradable composites using Manila hemp fiber and starch-based biodegradable resin","volume":"37","author":"Ochi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.3144\/expresspolymlett.2010.39","article-title":"Starch-lignin foams","volume":"4","author":"Stevens","year":"2010","journal-title":"Express Polym. Lett."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, J., Ching, Y.C., and Chuah, C.H. (2019). Applications of Lignocellulosic Fibers and Lignin in Bioplastics: A Review. Polymers, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym11050751"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2597","DOI":"10.15376\/biores.10.2.2597-2608","article-title":"Effect of fiber orientation on mechanical properties of kenaf-reinforced polymer composite","volume":"10","author":"Yong","year":"2015","journal-title":"BioResources"},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1166\/jbmb.2015.1519","article-title":"Mechanical and thermal properties of chemical treated oil palm empty fruit bunches fiber reinforced polyvinyl alcohol composite","volume":"9","author":"Yong","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biobased Mater. Bioenergy"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2005.02.043","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of wheat straw fibers for reinforcing application in injection molded thermoplastic composites","volume":"97","author":"Panthapulakkal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-016-0868-3","article-title":"Rheological properties of cellulose nanocrystal-embedded polymer composites: A review","volume":"23","author":"Ching","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cellulose"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compscitech.2006.11.009","article-title":"Wood fiber reinforced bacterial bioplastic composites: Fabrication and performance evaluation","volume":"67","author":"Singh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Compos. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesa.2016.12.016","article-title":"Flexible strength-improved and crack-resistant biocomposites based on plasticised wheat gluten reinforced with a flax-fibre-weave","volume":"94","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1021\/sc500087z","article-title":"Progress in Green Polymer Composites from Lignin for Multifunctional Applications: A Review","volume":"2","author":"Thakur","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.07.252","article-title":"A sustainable bioplastic obtained from rice straw","volume":"200","author":"Bilo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clen. Prod."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2012.07.012","article-title":"Optimization of thermo-chemical hydrolysis of kitchen waste","volume":"33","author":"Vavouraki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Waste Manag."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2014.12.004","article-title":"Food waste-to-energy conversion technologies: Current status and future directions","volume":"38","author":"Pham","year":"2015","journal-title":"Waste Manag."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2017.02.071","article-title":"Feasibility of using kitchen waste as future substrate for bioethanol production","volume":"74","author":"Hafid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biombioe.2012.06.038","article-title":"Brazilian sugarcane bagasse: Energy and non-energy consumption","volume":"46","author":"Hofsetz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomass Bioenergy"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1590\/S1415-43662010000400014","article-title":"Biodegrada\u00e7\u00e3o de res\u00edduos lignocelul\u00f3sicos gerados na bananicultura e sua valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o para a produ\u00e7\u00e3o de biog\u00e1s","volume":"14","author":"Souza","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Eng. Agr\u00edcola Ambient."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2018.02.024","article-title":"Acid, alkali and peroxide pretreatments increase the cellulose accessibility and glucose yield of banana pseudostem","volume":"115","author":"Shimizu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ind. Crop Prod."},{"key":"ref_115","unstructured":"Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (2020, February 23). Proagn\u00f3stico Agropecu\u00e1rio: An\u00e1lise da Conjuntura Agropecu\u00e1ria Safra 2010\/11: Mandioca. Available online: http:\/\/faostat.fao.org\/site\/567\/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=567#ancor."},{"key":"ref_116","unstructured":"ABITRIGO (Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Brasileira da Ind\u00fastria do Trigo) (2020, September 21). Evolu\u00e7\u00e3o Moagem E Consumo de Farinha\u20142005\u20132015. Available online: http:\/\/abitrigo.com.br\/."},{"key":"ref_117","unstructured":"Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (2020, September 11). Wastage Footprint: Impacts on Natural Resources. Available online: http:\/\/www.fao.org\/3\/i3347e\/i3347e.pdf."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1002\/er.1432","article-title":"Enzymatic hydrolysis of food waste and ethanol fermentation","volume":"33","author":"Moon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Energy Res."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2010.08.020","article-title":"Enzymatic hydrolysis of food waste and ethanol production from the hydrolysate","volume":"36","author":"Yan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Renew Energy"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2016.05.047","article-title":"Influence of thermal pretreatment on physical and chemical properties of kitchen waste and the efficiency of anaerobic digestion","volume":"180","author":"Jin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201601047","article-title":"Review of Water Resistant Hemicellulose-Based Materials: Processing and Applications","volume":"10","author":"Farhat","year":"2017","journal-title":"ChemSusChem."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-04202007000100001","article-title":"Structure, organization, and functions of cellulose synthase complexes in higher plants","volume":"19","author":"Otoni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Braz. J. Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fengel, D., and Wegener, G. (1984). Wood: Chemistry, Ultrastructure, Reactions, W. de Gruyter.","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110839654"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12155-018-9941-0","article-title":"Key Factors Affecting the Recalcitrance and Conversion Process of Biomass","volume":"12","author":"Melati","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioenerg. Res."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schmatz, A.A., Tyhoda, L., and Brienzo, M. (2019). Sugarcane biomass conversion influenced by lignin. Biofuels Bioprod. Biorefining.","DOI":"10.1002\/bbb.2070"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.20282","article-title":"Toward an aggregated understanding of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose: Noncomplexed cellulase systems","volume":"88","author":"Zhang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3358","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200460587","article-title":"Cellulose: Fascinating biopolymer and sustainable raw material","volume":"44","author":"Klemm","year":"2005","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int."},{"key":"ref_128","unstructured":"Mesquita, J.P. (2012). Nanocristais de celulose para prepara\u00e7\u00e3o de bionanocomp\u00f3sitos com quitosana e carbonos nanoestruturados para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es tecnol\u00f3gicas e ambientais. [Ph.D. Thesis, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais]."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcat.2020.110883","article-title":"The role of pretreatment in the catalytic valorization of celulose","volume":"487","author":"Liao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Catal."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan, G.Z., Wang, Y.X., Song, G.S., Yan, J.T., and Li, J.F. (2017). Preparation of microcrystalline cellulose from rice straw under microwave irradiation. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 134.","DOI":"10.1002\/app.44901"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5157","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-018-1918-9","article-title":"Use of sulfated cellulose nanocrystals towards stability enhancement of gelatin-encapsulated tea polyphenols","volume":"25","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cellulose"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802398","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201802398","article-title":"Conductive Cellulose Nanofiber Enabled Thick Electrode for Compact and Flexible Energy Storage Devices","volume":"8","author":"Kuang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1002\/app.23346","article-title":"The effect of morphology and chemical characteristics of cellulose reinforcements on the crystallinity of polylactic acid","volume":"101","author":"Mathew","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y., Liu, C., Anderson, D.P., Huneault, M.A., and Chang, P.R. (2009). Pea starch based composite films with pea hull fibres and pea hull fibre-derived nanowhiskers. Polym. Eng. Sci.","DOI":"10.1002\/pen.21290"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2008.11.030","article-title":"Bionanocomposites based on pea starch and cellulose nanowhiskers hydrolyzed from pea hull fibre: Effect of hydrolysis time","volume":"76","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xie, F., Av\u00e9rous, L., Halley, P.J., and Liu, P. (2015). Mechanical performance of starch-based biocomposites. Biocomposites, Woodhead Publishing.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-78242-373-7.00011-1"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2009.01.002","article-title":"Nanoscale particles for polymer degradation and stabilization\u2014Trends and future perspectives","volume":"34","author":"Kumar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prog. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2005.08.027","article-title":"Morphological, thermal and mechanical properties of ramie crystallites\u2014Reinforced plasticized starch biocomposites","volume":"63","author":"Lu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2009.12.045","article-title":"Bionanocomposites of thermoplastic starch reinforced with bacterial cellulose nanofibres: Effect of enzymatic treatment on mechanical properties","volume":"80","author":"Woehl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2010.04.063","article-title":"Green nanocomposites based on thermoplastic starch and steam exploded cellulose nanofibrils from wheat straw","volume":"82","author":"Kaushik","year":"2010","journal-title":"Carbohyd. Polym."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2014.05.060","article-title":"Xylan\u2013cellulose films: Improvement of hydrophobicity, thermal and mechanical properties","volume":"112","author":"Gordobil","year":"2014","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-012-9764-7","article-title":"Properties of plasticized composite films prepared from nanofibrillated cellulose and birch wood xylan","volume":"19","author":"Hansen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cellulose"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.3144\/expresspolymlett.2008.60","article-title":"Starch-based nanocomposites reinforced with flax cellulose nanocrystals","volume":"2","author":"Cao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Express. Polym. Lett."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xie, F., Pollet, E., Halley, P.J., and Av\u00e9rous, L. (2014). Advanced Nano-biocomposites Based on Starch. Polysacch. Bioactivity Biotechnol., 1\u201375.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-03751-6_50-1"},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8344","DOI":"10.1021\/ma0008701","article-title":"Plasticized starch\/tunicin whiskers nanocomposites. 1. Structural analysis","volume":"33","author":"Angles","year":"2000","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1021\/bm0101769","article-title":"Morphological investigation of nanocomposites from sorbitol plasticized starch and tunicin whiskers","volume":"3","author":"Mathew","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1163\/156855408783810812","article-title":"Sorption characteristics of water, oil and diesel in cellulose nanofiber reinforced corn starch resin\/ramie fabric composites","volume":"15","author":"Sreekala","year":"2008","journal-title":"Compos Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compscitech.2008.11.016","article-title":"Reduced water vapour sorption in cellulose nanocomposites with starch matrix","volume":"69","author":"Svagan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Compos. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compscitech.2009.02.024","article-title":"Mechanical, moisture absorption, and biodegradation behaviours of bacterial cellulose fibre-reinforced starch biocomposites","volume":"69","author":"Wan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Compos. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2016.05.024","article-title":"Cellulose microfibrillated suspension of carrots obtained by mechanical defibrillation and their application in edible starch films","volume":"89","author":"Menezes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2020.112264","article-title":"Obtaining cellulosic nanofibrils from oat straw for biocomposite reinforcement: Mechanical and barrier properties","volume":"148","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aravamudhan, A., Ramos, D.M., Nada, A.A., and Kumbar, S.G. (2014). Natural Polymers. Nat. Synth. Biomed. Polym., 67\u201389.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-396983-5.00004-1"},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suriyatem, R., Noikang, N., Kankam, T., Jantanasakulwong, K., Leksawasdi, N., Phimolsiripol, Y., Insomphun, C., Seesuriyachan, P., Chaiyaso, T., and Jantrawut, P. (2020). Physical Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Palm Bunch and Bagasse Agricultural Wastes: Effect of Delignification with Hydrogen Peroxide. Polymers, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym12071505"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2007.09.002","article-title":"Properties of biodegradable thermoplastic pea starch\/carboxymethyl cellulose and pea starch\/microcrystalline cellulose composites","volume":"72","author":"Ma","year":"2008","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ergun, R., Guo, J., and Huebner-Keese, B. (2016). Cellulose. Encycl. Food Health, 694\u2013702.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-384947-2.00127-6"},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"012077","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/456\/1\/012077","article-title":"Properties of cassava starch-based bioplastics and CMC with sorbitol as A plasticizer","volume":"456","author":"Tamara","year":"2020","journal-title":"IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-153X-5-6","article-title":"Effect of carboxymethyl cellulose concentration on physical properties of biodegradable cassava starch-based films","volume":"5","author":"Tongdeesoontorn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chem. Cent. J."},{"key":"ref_158","first-page":"103","article-title":"The effect of addition sorbitol and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) on the quality of biodegradable plastics from avocado seed starch","volume":"13","author":"Margaretha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pillar Phys."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fpsl.2020.100481","article-title":"Enhancing the functional properties of acetylated hemicellulose films for active food packaging using acetylated nanocellulose reinforcement and polycaprolactone coating","volume":"24","author":"Chimphango","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Packag. Shelf Life"},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/s10924-015-0711-1","article-title":"Preparation and Characterization of Bio-based Degradable Plastic Films Composed of Cellulose Acetate and Starch Acetate","volume":"23","author":"Fei","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Polym. Environ."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3397","DOI":"10.1007\/s10924-018-1221-8","article-title":"Efficient acetylation of xylans by exploiting the potassium acetate formed during the alkaline extraction","volume":"26","author":"Akkus","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Polym. Environ."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141953","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141953","article-title":"Comparison of the aerobic biodegradation of biopolymers and the corresponding bioplastics: A review","volume":"753","author":"Polman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02908155","article-title":"Effect of UV irradiation on cellulase degradation of cellulose acetate containing TiO2","volume":"8","author":"Jang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fibers Polym."},{"key":"ref_164","first-page":"400","article-title":"Abundance of polymer degrading microorganisms in seabased solid waste landfill site","volume":"90","author":"Ishigaki","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Basic Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1002\/app.1993.070471001","article-title":"Aerobic biodegradation of cellulose acetate","volume":"47","author":"Buchanan","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_166","first-page":"139","article-title":"Isolation of a Pseudomonas paucimobilis capable of using insoluble cellulose acetate as a sole carbon source","volume":"67","author":"Nelson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc. ACS Div. Polym. Mat. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01418207","article-title":"Cellulose acetate biodegradability upon exposure to simulated aerobic composting and anaerobic bioreactor environments","volume":"1","author":"Gu","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Environ. Polym. Degrad."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2015.04.008","article-title":"Production of biodegradable plastic from agricultural wastes","volume":"11","author":"Mostafa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21960","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-78912-z","article-title":"Biodegradable carboxymethyl cellulose based material for sustainable packaging application","volume":"10","author":"Yaradoddi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.15376\/biores.16.1.Hubbe","article-title":"Formulating bioplastic composites for biodegradability, recycling, and performance: A Review","volume":"16","author":"Hubbe","year":"2021","journal-title":"BioResources"},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2843","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-010-5158-0","article-title":"Intelligent poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-carboxymethyl cellulose full interpenetrating polymeric networks for protein adsorption studies","volume":"46","author":"Ekici","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_172","first-page":"163","article-title":"Agro-industrial lignocellulosic biomass a key to unlock the future bio-energy: A brief review","volume":"7","author":"Anwar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Rad. Res. App. Sci."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.4236\/abb.2014.53031","article-title":"Advances in lignocellulosic biotechnology: A brief review on lignocellulosic biomass and cellulases","volume":"5","author":"Shahzadi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Biosci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_174","unstructured":"Riley, G.L. (2016). Sugarcane Bagasse Hemicellulose Properties, Extraction Technologies and Xylooligosaccharides Production, Food Waste: Practices, Management and Challenges, Nova Science Publishers."},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcdf.2019.100184","article-title":"Xylooligosaccharides production process from lignocellulosic biomass and bioactive effects","volume":"18","author":"Freitas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioact. Carbohydr. Diet. Fibre"},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1039\/C2CY20314F","article-title":"Acid hydrolysis of O-acetyl-galactoglucomannan","volume":"3","author":"Kusema","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cataly. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2012.10.036","article-title":"Development of an acetylation reaction of switch grass hemicellulose in ionic liquid without catalyst","volume":"44","author":"Ayoub","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-8524(02)00258-4","article-title":"Use of xylan, an agricultural by-product, in wheat gluten based biodegradable films: Mechanical, solubility and water vapor transfer rate properties","volume":"87","author":"Kayserilioglu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2012.06.012","article-title":"Sustainable food-packaging materials based on future biorefinery products: Xylans and mannans","volume":"28","author":"Mikkonen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2021.113357","article-title":"Anatomic influence of sugarcane biomass on xylan solubilization","volume":"164","author":"Melati","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alves, R.C., Melati, R.B., Casagrande, G.M.S., Contiero, J., Pagnocca, F.C., and Brienzo, M. (2020). Sieving process selects sugarcane bagasse with lower recalcitrance to xylan solubilization. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol.","DOI":"10.1002\/jctb.6541"},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2011.11.003","article-title":"Flexible oxygen barrier films from spruce xylan","volume":"87","author":"Escalante","year":"2012","journal-title":"Carbohyd. Polym."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.5b01252","article-title":"High Strength Hemicellulose-Based Nanocomposite Film for Food Packaging Applications","volume":"4","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2010.01.137","article-title":"Xylan from corn cobs, a promising polymer for drug delivery: Production and characterization","volume":"101","author":"Oliveira","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0144-8617(99)00102-2","article-title":"Acetylation of wheat straw hemicellulose B in a new non-aqueous swelling system","volume":"41","author":"Fang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Carbohyd. Polym."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-011-9542-y","article-title":"Incorporation of carboxyl groups into xylan for improved absorbency","volume":"18","author":"Salam","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cellulose"},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6724","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-012-6615-8","article-title":"Arabinoxylan\/nanofibrillated cellulose composite films","volume":"47","author":"Stevanic","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-012-9655-y","article-title":"Arabinoxylan structure affects the reinforcement of films by microfibrillated cellulose","volume":"19","author":"Mikkonen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cellulose"},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-011-9524-0","article-title":"Composite films from spruce galactoglucomannans with microfibrillated spruce wood cellulose","volume":"18","author":"Mikkonen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cellulose"},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Long, L., Shen, F., Wang, F., Tian, D., and Hu, J. (2019). Synthesis, characterization and enzymatic surface roughing of cellulose\/xylan composite films. Carbohydr. Polym.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2019.02.086"},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1002\/app.34217","article-title":"Bacterial nanocellulose-reinforced arabinoxylan films","volume":"122","author":"Stevanic","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1080\/03602558608070087","article-title":"Structural applications for flexible packaging: Innovations in pouch forms and uses","volume":"25","author":"Allen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng."},{"key":"ref_193","unstructured":"Briston, J.H. (1988). Plasticfilms, Wiley. [3rd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5715","DOI":"10.1021\/ja0316770","article-title":"Activation of crystalline cellulose surfaces through the chemoenzymatic modification of xyloglucan","volume":"126","author":"Brumer","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3920","DOI":"10.1021\/la802801q","article-title":"Nonelectrostatic building of biomimetic cellulose-xyloglucan multilayers","volume":"25","author":"Jean","year":"2009","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2009.03.039","article-title":"Water transmission barrier properties of biodegradable films based on cellulosic whiskers and xylan","volume":"78","author":"Saxena","year":"2009","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moorthy, S.N. (2004). Tropical sources of starch. Starch Food., 321\u2013359.","DOI":"10.1533\/9781855739093.2.321"},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-013-3349-z","article-title":"Thermal, structural and rheological properties of starch from avocado seeds (Persea americana, Miller) modified with standard sodium hypochlorite solutions","volume":"115","author":"Lacerda","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Therm. Anal. Calorim."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.02.064","article-title":"Structures, properties, modifications, and uses of oat starch","volume":"229","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2017.10.035","article-title":"Review of direct chemical and biochemical transformations of starch","volume":"181","author":"Khlestkin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbp.2015.05.008","article-title":"Enhancement of starch-pulp separation in centrifugal-filtration process: Effects of particle size and variety of cassava root on free starch granule separation","volume":"95","author":"Saengchan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Bioprod. Process."},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1590\/1809-4430-eng.agric.v39n3p341-349\/2019","article-title":"Granulometryand Energy Consumption as Indicators of Disintegration Efficiency in a Hammer Mill Adapted to Extracting Arrowroot Starch (MarantaArundinacea) in Comparison to Starch Extraction from Cassava","volume":"39","author":"Branco","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eng. Agr\u00edcola."},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.07.004","article-title":"Starch extraction process coupled to protein recovery from leguminous tuberous roots (Pachyrhizus ahipa)","volume":"152","author":"Dini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700007","DOI":"10.1002\/star.201700007","article-title":"Enzymatic extraction of starch from broken rice using freeze-thaw infusion with food-grade protease","volume":"70","author":"Choi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Starch St\u00e4rke."},{"key":"ref_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2006.03.042","article-title":"Alkaline extraction of starch from Australian lentil cultivars Matilda and Digger optimised for starch yield and starch and protein quality","volume":"102","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2014.04.040","article-title":"Cassava (Manihot esculenta) starch films reinforced with natural fibrous filler","volume":"58","author":"Versino","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"ref_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1002\/star.200300218","article-title":"Analytical, Biochemical and Physicochemical Aspects of Starch Granule Size, with Emphasis on Small Granule Starches: A Review","volume":"56","author":"Lindeboom","year":"2004","journal-title":"Starch\u2014St\u00e4rke"},{"key":"ref_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2012.03.003","article-title":"Recovery of high added-value components from food wastes: Conventional, emerging technologies and commercialized applications","volume":"26","author":"Galanakis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lara-Flores, A.A., Ara\u00fajo, R.G., Rodr\u00edguez-Jasso, R.M., Aguedo, M., Aguilar, C.N., Trajano, H.L., and Ruiz, H.A. (2017). Bioeconomy and Biorefinery: Valorization of Hemicellulose from Lignocellulosic Biomass and Potential Use of Avocado Residues as a Promising Resource of Bioproducts. Energy, Environment, and Sustainability, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-7431-8_8"},{"key":"ref_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ara\u00fajo, R.G., Rodr\u00edguez-Jasso, R.M., Ruiz, H.A., Govea-Salas, M., Rosas-Flores, W., Aguilar-Gonz\u00e1lez, M.A., Pintado, M.E., Lopez-Badillo, C., Luevanos, C., and Aguilar, C.N. (2020). Hydrothermal\u2013Microwave Processing for Starch Extraction from Mexican Avocado Seeds: Operational Conditions and Characterization. Processes, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/pr8070759"},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1039\/C6NR09494E","article-title":"Recent progress in cellulose nanocrystals: Sources and production","volume":"9","author":"Trache","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2016.09.056","article-title":"Microcrystalline cellulose: Isolation, characterization and bio-composites application\u2014A review","volume":"93","author":"Trache","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2012.10.044","article-title":"Potential materials for food packaging from nanoclay\/natural fibres filled hybrid composites","volume":"46","author":"Majeed","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.13005\/ojc\/340166","article-title":"The Preparation of All-Cellulose Nanocomposite Film from Isolated Cellulose of Corncobs as Food Packaging","volume":"34","author":"Gea","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orient. J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"025313","DOI":"10.1088\/2053-1591\/ab73fd","article-title":"Preparation of cellulose film in ionic liquid by high shearing and application in pineapple preservation","volume":"7","author":"Wei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Express"},{"key":"ref_216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2017.12.137","article-title":"Isolation and surface modification of cellulose nanocrystals from sugarcane bagasse waste: From a micro- to a nano-scale view","volume":"436","author":"Ferreira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2018.01.015","article-title":"Production of cellulose nanoparticles from blue agave waste treated with environmentally friendly processes","volume":"183","author":"Robles","year":"2018","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-019-02889-w","article-title":"Cellulose nanomaterials: New generation materials for solving global issues","volume":"27","author":"Mokhena","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cellulose"},{"key":"ref_219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1007\/s12649-017-0193-6","article-title":"Environmental Aspect of Using Chlorine Dioxide to Improve Effluent and Pulp Quality During Wheat Straw Bleaching","volume":"10","author":"Kaur","year":"2018","journal-title":"Waste Biomass Valorization"},{"key":"ref_220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6215(03)00115-0","article-title":"Alkaline degradation kinetics and CE-separation of cello- and xylooligomers. Part I","volume":"338","author":"Sartori","year":"2003","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Res."},{"key":"ref_221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-8401(77)90013-X","article-title":"Review article: The alkali treatment of straws","volume":"2","author":"Jackson","year":"1977","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1980.5151189x","article-title":"Rumen Microbial Degradation of Potassium Hydroxide-treated Coastal Bermudagrass Leaf Blades Examined by Electron Microscopy","volume":"51","author":"Spencer","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2011.02.003","article-title":"The effect of organosolv pretreatment variables on enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse","volume":"168","author":"Mesa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1007\/s12155-015-9706-y","article-title":"Novel Biomass Pretreatment Using Alkaline Organic Solvents: A Green Approach for Biomass Fractionation and 2,3-Butanediol Production","volume":"9","author":"Guragain","year":"2016","journal-title":"BioEnergy Res."},{"key":"ref_225","first-page":"793","article-title":"Assessment of an organosolv lignocellulose biorefinery concept based on a material flow analysis of a pilot plant","volume":"48","author":"Laure","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Chem. Technol."},{"key":"ref_226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcs.2011.12.009","article-title":"Enzymatic hydrolysis of arabinoxylans from spelt bran and hull","volume":"55","author":"Escarnot","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cereal Sci."},{"key":"ref_227","first-page":"100","article-title":"A review on lignin sources and uses","volume":"7","author":"Souza","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Appl. Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"key":"ref_228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jechem.2016.10.008","article-title":"Selective extraction and conversion of lignin in actual biomass to monophenols: A review","volume":"25","author":"Jiang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Energy Chem."},{"key":"ref_229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2016.02.017","article-title":"Dissolution of kraft lignin using Protic Ionic Liquids and characterization","volume":"84","author":"Rashid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"ref_230","first-page":"93","article-title":"Enhanced lignin extraction process from steam exploded corn stalk. Separation and Purification","volume":"157","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Technology."},{"key":"ref_231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2012.12.189","article-title":"Acetosolv pulping for the fractionation of empty fruit bunches from palm oil industry","volume":"132","author":"Ferrer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s11696-019-00876-w","article-title":"Simultaneous organosolv pretreatment and detoxification of agro-biomass for efficient lignin extraction and characterization","volume":"74","author":"Gunasekaran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Pap."},{"key":"ref_233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Korol, J., Hejna, A., Burchart-Korol, D., and Wachowicz, J. (2020). Comparative Analysis of Carbon, Ecological, and Water Footprints of Polypropylene-Based Composites Filled with Cotton, Jute and Kenaf Fibers. Materials, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13163541"},{"key":"ref_234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Korol, J., Hejna, A., Burchart-Korol, D., Chmielnicki, B., and Wypi\u00f3r, K. (2019). Water Footprint Assessment of Selected Polymers, Polymer Blends, Composites, and Biocomposites for Industrial Application. Polymers, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym11111791"},{"key":"ref_235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2017.09.001","article-title":"Environmental impact assessment of six starch plastics focusing on wastewater-derived starch and additives","volume":"127","author":"Broeren","year":"2017","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."}],"container-title":["Polymers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/13\/15\/2484\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:36:01Z","timestamp":1760164561000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/13\/15\/2484"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]]},"references-count":235,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["polym13152484"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym13152484","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]]}}}