{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T18:55:30Z","timestamp":1780080930902,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":133,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]],"date-time":"2021-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006595","name":"Unitatea Executiva pentru Finantarea Invatamantului Superior, a Cercetarii, Dezvoltarii si Inovarii","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0050"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>End-group functionalization of homopolymers is a valuable way to produce high-fidelity nanostructured and functional soft materials when the structures obtained have the capacity for self-assembly (SA) encoded in their structural details. Herein, an end-functionalized PCL with a \u03c0-conjugated EDOT moiety, (EDOT-PCL), designed exclusively from hydrophobic domains, as a functional \u201chydrophobic amphiphile\u201d, was synthesized in the bulk ROP of \u03b5-caprolactone. The experimental results obtained by spectroscopic methods, including NMR, UV-vis, and fluorescence, using DLS and by AFM, confirm that in solvents with extremely different polarities (chloroform and acetonitrile), EDOT-PCL presents an interaction- and structure-based bias, which is strong and selective enough to exert control over supramolecular packing, both in dispersions and in the film state. This leads to the diversity of SA structures, including spheroidal, straight, and helical rods, as well as orthorhombic single crystals, with solvent-dependent shapes and sizes, confirming that EDOT-PCL behaves as a \u201cblock-molecule\u201d. According to the results from AFM imaging, an unexpected transformation of micelle-type nanostructures into single 2D lamellar crystals, through breakout crystallization, took place by simple acetonitrile evaporation during the formation of the film on the mica support at room temperature. Moreover, EDOT-PCL\u2019s propensity for spontaneous oxidant-free oligomerization in acidic media was proposed as a presumptive answer for the unexpected appearance of blue color during its dissolution in CDCl3 at a high concentration. FT-IR, UV-vis, and fluorescence techniques were used to support this claim. Besides being intriguing and unforeseen, the experimental findings concerning EDOT-PCL have raised new and interesting questions that deserve to be addressed in future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13162720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]],"date-time":"2021-08-15T22:51:27Z","timestamp":1629067887000},"page":"2720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) End-Group Functionalized Poly-\u03b5-caprolactone (PCL): Self-Assembly in Organic Solvents and Its Coincidentally Observed Peculiar Behavior in Thin Film and Protonated Media"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Anca-Dana","family":"Bendrea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, \u201cPetru Poni\u201d Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A, Grigore-Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luminita","family":"Cianga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, \u201cPetru Poni\u201d Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A, Grigore-Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5972-4562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela-Liliana","family":"Ailiesei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NMR Spectroscopy Department, \u201cPetru Poni\u201d Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A, Grigore-Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena-Laura","family":"Ursu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, \u201cPetru Poni\u201d Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A, Grigore-Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Demet","family":"G\u00f6en Colak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioan","family":"Cianga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, \u201cPetru Poni\u201d Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A, Grigore-Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.6b02569","article-title":"50th Anniversary Perspective: Polymers with Complex Architectures","volume":"50","author":"Polymeropoulos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8353","DOI":"10.1021\/ma901289t","article-title":"Influence of Macromolecular Architecture on the Crystallization of (PCL2)-b-(PS2) 4-Miktoarm Star Block Copolymers in Comparison to Linear PCL-b-PS Diblock Copolymer Analogues","volume":"42","author":"Lorenzo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6700(99)00018-0","article-title":"End-functionalized polymers with zwitterionic end-groups","volume":"24","author":"Hadjichristidis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Prog. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2903","DOI":"10.1002\/pola.28575","article-title":"Established and Emerging Strategies for Polymer Chain-End Modification","volume":"55","author":"Lunn","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Polym. Sci. Part A Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2015.08.032","article-title":"Terminal modification of polymeric micelles with \u03c0-conjugated moieties for efficient anticancer drug delivery","volume":"71","author":"Liang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1002\/marc.201600471","article-title":"Enzymatic Degradation of Oligo(\u03b5-caprolactone)s End-Capped with Phenylboronic Acid Derivatives at the Air\u2013Water Interface","volume":"37","author":"Rosberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Macromol. Rapid Commun."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.9b00121","article-title":"Tetraphenylethene-Functionalized Polyethylene-Based Polymers with Aggregation-Induced Emission","volume":"52","author":"Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.9b02293","article-title":"End-Group Chemistry and Junction Chemistry in Polymer Science: Past, Present, and Future","volume":"53","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2004.01.005","article-title":"New polyphenylene-based macromolecular architectures by using well defined macromonomers synthesized via controlled polymerization methods","volume":"29","author":"Cianga","year":"2004","journal-title":"Prog. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13713","DOI":"10.1021\/la203138k","article-title":"Effect of PEG End-Group Hydrophobicity on Lysozyme Interactions in Solution Characterized by Light Scattering","volume":"27","author":"Priya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.1021\/bm300823y","article-title":"Thermally Controlled Release of Anticancer Drug from Self-Assembled \u03b3-Substituted Amphiphilic Poly(\u03b5 caprolactone) Micellar Nanoparticles","volume":"13","author":"Cheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2709","DOI":"10.1039\/c3py00029j","article-title":"Hybrid materials consisting of an all-conjugated polythiophene backbone and grafted hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) chains","volume":"4","author":"Bendrea","year":"2013","journal-title":"Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dominguez-Alfaro, A., Gabirondo, E., Alegret, N., De Le\u00f3n-Almaz\u00e1n, C.M., Hernandez, R., Vallejo-Illarramendi, A., Prato, M., and Mecerreyes, D. (2021). 3D Printable Conducting and Biocompatible PEDOT-graft-PLA Copolymers by Direct Ink Writing. Macromol. Rapid Commun., 2100100.","DOI":"10.1002\/marc.202170047"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1002\/pola.21847","article-title":"Poly(thienyl-phenylene)s with Macromolecular Side Chains by Oxidative Polymerization of Well-Defined Macromonomers","volume":"45","author":"Cianga","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Polym. Sci. Part A Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3780","DOI":"10.1039\/C8PY00680F","article-title":"New electroactive macromonomers and multi-responsive PEDOT graft copolymers","volume":"9","author":"Marina","year":"2018","journal-title":"Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1002\/pola.21165","article-title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Mid- and End-Chain Functional Telechelics by Controlled Polymerization Methods and Coupling Processes","volume":"44","author":"Colak","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Polym. Sci. Part A Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1080\/10236660490890411","article-title":"Conducting Copolymers of Thiophene- Functionalized Polystyrene","volume":"9","author":"Papila","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7902","DOI":"10.1021\/ma401828k","article-title":"Anisotropic Polyethylene Nanocrystals Labeled with a Single Fluorescent Dye Molecule: Toward Monitoring of Nanoparticle Orientation","volume":"46","author":"Scheinhardt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2016.09.042","article-title":"Polypeptide with electroactive endgroups as sensing platform for the abused drug \u2018methamphetamine\u2019 by bioelectrochemical method","volume":"161","author":"Demir","year":"2016","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2020.123150","article-title":"The rise of semicrystalline polymers and why are they still interesting","volume":"211","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2013.04.045","article-title":"The contemporary role of \u03b5-caprolactone chemistry to create advanced polymer architectures","volume":"54","author":"Sisson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2014.04.053","article-title":"Control and prediction of degradation of biopolymer based hydrogels with poly( \u03b5-caprolactone) subunits","volume":"71","author":"Diaconescu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2017.07.031","article-title":"Biopolymers\/poly(\u03b5-caprolactone)\/polyethylenimine functionalized nanohydroxyapatite hybrid cryogel: Synthesis, characterization and application in gene delivery","volume":"81","author":"Simionescu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s13726-018-0629-2","article-title":"Multilayer biopolymer\/poly(\u03b5-caprolactone)\/polycation nanoparticles","volume":"27","author":"David","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iran. Polym. J."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8544","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.7b01453","article-title":"Two-Dimensional Self-Assembled Structures of Highly Ordered Bioactive Crystalline-Based Block Copolymers","volume":"50","author":"Ganda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2764","DOI":"10.1002\/pol.20200376","article-title":"In-chain functionalized poly(\u03b5-caprolactone): A valuable precursor towards the synthesis of 3-miktoarm star containing hyperbranched polyethylene","volume":"58","author":"Ladelta","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2009.04.039","article-title":"Self-aligned and bundled electrospun fibers prepared from blends of polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with a hairy-rod polyphenylene copolymer","volume":"63","author":"Uyar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1884","DOI":"10.1002\/marc.201500233","article-title":"Electrical Stimulation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Conductive Nanofibers Enhances their Differentiation toward Osteogenic Outcomes","volume":"36","author":"Hardy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Macromol. Rapid Commun."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201903022","article-title":"Directed Nanoparticle Assembly through Polymer Crystallization","volume":"26","author":"Mei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Eur. J."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Odrobinska, J., and Neugebauer, D. (2020). Micellar Carriers Based on Amphiphilic PEG\/PCL Graft Copolymers for Delivery of Active Substances. Polymers, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym12122876"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2017.07.019","article-title":"Two-arm PCL and PLLA macrophotoinitiators with benzoin end-functional groups by combination of ROP and click chemistry and their use in the synthesis of A2B2 type miktoarm star copolymers","volume":"123","author":"Uyar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1007\/s00289-018-2396-9","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of an A2B2-type miktoarm star copolymer based on poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) and poly(cyclohexene oxide)","volume":"76","author":"Uyar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Polym. Bull."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3365","DOI":"10.1002\/pola.20223","article-title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Cyclohexene Oxide Functional Poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) Macromonomers and Their Use in Photoinitiated Cationic Homo- and Copolymerization","volume":"42","author":"Degirmenci","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Polym. Sci. Part A Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1021\/mz3002897","article-title":"Brush Polymers Containing Semiconducting Polyene Backbones: Graft-Through Synthesis via Cyclopolymerization and Conformational Analysis on the Coil-to-Rod Transition","volume":"1","author":"Kang","year":"2012","journal-title":"ACS Macro Lett."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nikovia, C., Sougioltzoupoulou, E., Rigas, V., and Pitsikalis, M. (2019). Macromolecular Brushes Based on Poly(L-Lactide) and Poly(\u03b5-Caprolactone) Single and Double Macromonomers via ROMP. Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Properties. Polymers, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym11101606"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1002\/marc.200300050","article-title":"The Strength of the Macromonomer Strategy for Complex Macromolecular Architecture: Molecular Characterization, Properties and Applications of Polymacromonomers","volume":"24","author":"Hadjichristidis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Macromol. Rapid Commun."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2016.03.076","article-title":"Cylindrical polymer brushes\u2014Anisotropic building blocks, unimolecular templates and particulate nanocarriers","volume":"98","year":"2016","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.8b01171","article-title":"Molecular Bottlebrushes as Novel Materials","volume":"20","author":"Xie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200500419","article-title":"Towards General Guidelines for Aligned, Nanoscale Assemblies of Hairy-Rod Polyfluorene","volume":"16","author":"Knaapila","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5846","DOI":"10.1021\/ma0003046","article-title":"Novel Pyrrole End-Functional Macromonomers Prepared by Ring-Opening and Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerizations","volume":"33","author":"Mecerreyes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6112","DOI":"10.1039\/C7PY01326D","article-title":"The biocompatible polythiophene-g-polycaprolactone copolymer as an efficient dopamine sensor platform","volume":"8","author":"Molina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8864","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TB01259A","article-title":"Smart design for a flexible, functionalized an electroresponsive hybrid platform based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) derivatives to improve cell viability","volume":"8","author":"Molina","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5010","DOI":"10.1039\/C9PY00926D","article-title":"An amphiphilic, heterografted polythiophene copolymer containing biocompatible\/ biodegradable side chains for use as an (electro) active surface in biomedical applications","volume":"10","author":"Molina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2302","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.8b00266","article-title":"Fast Degradable Polycaprolactone for Drug Delivery","volume":"19","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1007\/s40883-019-00136-z","article-title":"Biomimetic Electroconductive Nanofibrous Matrices for Skeletal Muscle Regenerative Engineering","volume":"6","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Regen. Eng. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2003710","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202003710","article-title":"An Electroactive Oligo-EDOT Platform for Neural Tissue Engineering","volume":"30","author":"Spicer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1038\/nchem.1977","article-title":"Directed assembly of optoelectronically active alkyl\u2013\u03c0-conjugated molecules by adding n-alkanes or \u03c0-conjugated species","volume":"6","author":"Hollamby","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Chem."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5693","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b02172","article-title":"End Groups of Functionalized Siloxane Oligomers Direct Block-Copolymeric or Liquid-Crystalline Self-Assembly Behavior","volume":"138","author":"Zha","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.0c02160","article-title":"Stepwise Crystallization and Induced Microphase Separation in Nucleobase Monofunctionalized Supramolecular Poly(\u03b5-caprolactone)","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18842","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201802279","article-title":"Added-Value Surfactants","volume":"24","author":"Polarz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Eur. J."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/apmc.1996.052390101","article-title":"Electrochemical polymerization of some monomers with Schiff\u2019s base structure","volume":"239","author":"Simionescu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Angew. Makromol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2006.11.057","article-title":"Structural mobility of molecular bottle-brushes investigated by NMR relaxation dynamics","volume":"48","author":"Pietrasik","year":"2007","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1002\/pola.20531","article-title":"Synthesis and Characterization of New Alternating, Amphiphilic, Comblike Copolymers of Poly(ethylene oxide) Macromonomer and N-Phenylmaleimide","volume":"43","author":"Cianga","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Polym. Sci. Part A Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1002\/pola.28354","article-title":"Determination of Absolute Molecular Weight of Regioregular Poly(3-Hexylthiophene) by 1H-NMR Analysis","volume":"55","author":"Dissanayake","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Polym. Sci. Part A Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56385","DOI":"10.1039\/C4RA10734A","article-title":"Fluorescent micellar nanoparticles by selfassembly of amphiphilic, nonionic and water selfdispersible polythiophenes with \u201chairy rod\u201d architecture","volume":"4","author":"Cianga","year":"2014","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1039\/C9NJ05674B","article-title":"Solvent- and concentration-induced self-assembly of an amphiphilic perylene dye","volume":"44","author":"Boccia","year":"2020","journal-title":"New J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/mrc.1125","article-title":"1H chemical shifts in NMR: Part 19. Carbonyl anisotropies and steric effects in aromatic aldehydes and ketones","volume":"41","author":"Abraham","year":"2003","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Chem."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1002\/mrc.4312","article-title":"1H NMR spectra of alcohols in hydrogen bonding solvents: DFT\/GIAO calculations of chemical shifts","volume":"54","author":"Lomas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Chem."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1039\/c2ob27117f","article-title":"Hydrogen bonding probes of phenol\u2014OH groups","volume":"11","author":"Kontogianni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Org. Biomol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2014.02.027","article-title":"Hydrogen bonding interactions in ethanol and acetonitrile binary system: A near and mid-infrared spectroscopic study","volume":"1069","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4669","DOI":"10.1021\/ma300656u","article-title":"Mapping the Influence of Solubility and Dielectric Constant on Electrospinning Polycaprolactone Solutions","volume":"45","author":"Luo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48908","DOI":"10.1002\/app.48908","article-title":"Solubility parameters and solvent affinities for polycaprolactone: A comparison of methods","volume":"137","author":"Boucher","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1080\/21691401.2020.1725028","article-title":"The effect of \u03c0-Conjugation on the self-assembly of micelles and controlled cargo release","volume":"48","author":"Liang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Artif. Cells Nanomed. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6565(96)01036-9","article-title":"Intermolecular interactions characterized by nuclear Overhauser effects","volume":"30","author":"Mo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Prog. Nucl. Magn. Reson. Spectrosc."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5952","DOI":"10.1021\/ma060965o","article-title":"Core and Corona Structure of Mixed Polymeric Micelles","volume":"39","author":"Voets","year":"2006","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1139\/v07-008","article-title":"1D and 2D NMR investigations of micelle-formation process in 8-phenyloctanoate micelles","volume":"85","author":"Landry","year":"2007","journal-title":"Can. J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39979","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c08305","article-title":"Dispersible Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles as Biointerface Materials for Label-Free Bacteria Detection","volume":"12","author":"Elgiddawy","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.9b02161","article-title":"Specificity of Counterion Binding to a Conjugated Polyelectrolyte: A Combined Molecular Dynamics and NOESY Investigation","volume":"53","author":"Hostnik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2020.122468","article-title":"Crystallization of poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) at the air-water interface studied by IRRAS and GI-WAXS","volume":"196","author":"Hasan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5058","DOI":"10.1021\/ma300771g","article-title":"Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Thiophene-Based All-Conjugated Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers with a Narrow Molecular Weight Distribution","volume":"45","author":"Song","year":"2012","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1080\/15685551.2016.1169382","article-title":"Synthesis and self-assembly of fluorenevinylene alternating copolymers in \u201cHairy-Rod\u201d architecture: Side chain\u2014mediated tuning of conformation, microstructure and photophysical properties","volume":"19","author":"Colak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Des. Monomers Polym."},{"key":"ref_72","first-page":"71","article-title":"Fluorescent Nanoparticles from \u201cHairy-Rods\u201d, Water-Self Dispersible Amphiphilic Polythiophenes","volume":"50","author":"Bendrea","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mater. Plast."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1080\/1023666X.2013.755598","article-title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Fluorescent, Nonionic, Water Self-Dispersible Oligothiophenes","volume":"18","author":"Bendrea","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmacrolett.5b00811","article-title":"PEDOT Radical Polymer with Synergetic Redox and Electrical Properties","volume":"5","author":"Casado","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Macro Lett."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1039\/C3NJ01349A","article-title":"PEDOT nanostructures synthesized in hexagonal mesophases","volume":"38","author":"Ghosh","year":"2014","journal-title":"New J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10892","DOI":"10.1021\/ja902416s","article-title":"Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Thiophene Fluorophores, Labeling and Multilabeling of Monoclonal Antibodies, and Long Lasting Staining of Fixed Cells","volume":"131","author":"Zambianchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1021\/nn304437k","article-title":"Self-Assembling Semiconducting Polymers- Rods and Gels from Electronic Materials","volume":"7","author":"Clark","year":"2013","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1021\/jp908764s","article-title":"Examining the Planarity of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): Consideration of Self-Rigidification, Electronic, and Geometric Effects","volume":"114","author":"Poater","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1039\/C6MH00051G","article-title":"To bend or not to bend\u2014are heteroatom interactions within conjugated molecules effective in dictating conformation and planarity?","volume":"3","author":"Conboy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mater. Horiz."},{"key":"ref_80","first-page":"153","article-title":"Poly(ethylene glycol)- functionalized Water Self-Dispersible \u03b1-Terthiophenes","volume":"58","author":"Bendrea","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Roum. Chim."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4246","DOI":"10.1039\/C7PY00632B","article-title":"Tunable amphiphilic graft copolymers bearing fatty chains and polyoxazoline: Synthesis and self-assembly behavior in solution","volume":"8","author":"Rayeroux","year":"2017","journal-title":"Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiang, L., Ryu, W., Kim, H., and Ree, M. (2018). Precise Synthesis, Properties, and Structures of Cyclic Poly(\u03b5-caprolactone)s. Polymers, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym10060577"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20763","article-title":"Ab Initio Calculations on \u03c0 -Stacked Thiophene Dimer, Trimer, and Tetramer: Structure, Interaction Energy, Cooperative Effects, and Intermolecular Electronic Parameters","volume":"29","author":"Casanovas","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1007\/s00396-015-3821-3","article-title":"Poor solvent as a nucleating agent to induce poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) ultrathin film crystallization on poly(vinylpyrrolidone) substrate","volume":"294","author":"Guo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Colloid Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2011.02.044","article-title":"Formation mechanism, chain folding, and growth behavior of the intriguing fiber-like crystal of poly (ethylene oxide-b-\u03b5-caprolactone) block copolymer in ultra thin films","volume":"52","author":"Zhao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2005.12.021","article-title":"AFM study of crystallization and melting of a poly(ethylene oxide) diblock copolymer containing a tablet-like block of poly{2,5-bis[(4-methoxyphenyl)oxycarbonyl]styrene} in ultra thin films","volume":"47","author":"Huang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmacrolett.9b00397","article-title":"Sub-10 nm Scale Lamellar Structures with a High Degree of Long-Range Order Fabricated by Orthogonal Self-Assembly of Crown Ether\/Secondary Dialkylammonium Recognition and Metal\u00b7\u00b7\u00b7Metal\/ \u03c0\u2212\u03c0 Interactions","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Macro Lett."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6402","DOI":"10.1021\/ma0506132","article-title":"Layered Morphology of Poly(phenylene)s in Thin Films Induced by Substitution of Well-Defined Poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) Side Chains","volume":"38","author":"Yurteri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2012.05.002","article-title":"Crystallization assisted self-assembly of semicrystalline block copolymers","volume":"37","author":"He","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prog. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2015.02.030","article-title":"Design of block copolymer micelles via crystallization","volume":"62","author":"Crassous","year":"2015","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_91","first-page":"e10039","article-title":"Recent progress in block copolymer crystallization","volume":"1","author":"Steffen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Polym. Crystall."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2015.10.007","article-title":"Confined crystallization of polymeric materials","volume":"54\u201355","author":"Michell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2010.02.017","article-title":"Polymer crystallization of ultrathin films on solid substrates","volume":"254","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2019.101195","article-title":"Concepts, fabrication methods and applications of living crystallization-driven self-assembly of block copolymers","volume":"101","author":"Ganda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prog. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmacrolett.9b00335","article-title":"Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of Metallo-Polyelectrolyte Block Copolymers with a Polycaprolactone Core-Forming Segment","volume":"8","author":"Cha","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Macro Lett."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5604","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.9b02760","article-title":"Buried Microphase Separation by Dynamic Interplay of Crystallization and Microphase Separation in Semicrystalline PEO Rich PS-b-PEO Block Copolymer Thin Films","volume":"53","author":"Rejek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104902","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2711437","article-title":"Self-assembly morphology effects on the crystallization of semicrystalline block copolymer thin film","volume":"126","author":"Wei","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4943","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201400534","article-title":"Polymorphism in Crystalline Microfibers of Achiral Octithiophene: The Effect on Charge Transport, Supramolecular Chirality and Optical Properties","volume":"24","author":"Fabiano","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7170","DOI":"10.1039\/D0PY01161D","article-title":"Effects of crystallinity and dispersity on the self-assembly behavior of block co-oligomers in water","volume":"11","author":"Vleugels","year":"2020","journal-title":"Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4119","DOI":"10.1039\/C6CS00818F","article-title":"Dispersity effects in polymer self-assemblies: A matter of hierarchical control","volume":"46","author":"Doncom","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"ref_101","first-page":"1532","article-title":"Dispersion of Electrically Conductive Polymer PEDOT in Organic Solvents","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Polym. Sin."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7202","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.7b01536","article-title":"Effects of Bulky End-Groups on the Crystallization Kinetics of Poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) Homopolymers Confined in a Cylindrical Nanodomain","volume":"50","author":"Kawazu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201502590","article-title":"Chiral Nanoarchitectonics: Towards the Design, Self-Assembly, and Function of Nanoscale Chiral Twists and Helices","volume":"28","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1039\/C4NR06693F","article-title":"Controlled self-assembly of helical nano-ribbons formed by achiral amphiphiles","volume":"7","author":"Song","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10390","DOI":"10.1021\/ja2038547","article-title":"Hierarchical Helical Assembly of Conjugated Poly(3-hexylthiophene)-block-poly(3-triethylene glycol thiophene) Diblock Copolymers","volume":"133","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3134","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.8b04127","article-title":"Self-Assembled Helical and Twisted Nanostructures of a Preferred Handedness from Achiral \u03c0-Conjugated Oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) Derivatives","volume":"35","author":"Cui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1039\/B715459C","article-title":"Helix self-assembly through the coiling of cylindrical micelles","volume":"4","author":"Zhong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2013.01.014","article-title":"Unusual crystals of poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) by unusual crystallisation: The effects of rapid cooling and fast solvent loss on the morphology, crystal structure and melting","volume":"54","author":"Sanandaji","year":"2013","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_109","first-page":"15","article-title":"Single crystal morphologies of biodegradable aliphatic polyesters","volume":"42","author":"Iwata","year":"2001","journal-title":"Riken Rev."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1002\/pi.858","article-title":"Morphology and enzymatic degradation of poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) single crystals: Does a polymer single crystal consist of micro-crystals?","volume":"51","author":"Iwata","year":"2002","journal-title":"Polym. Int."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11033","DOI":"10.1039\/C5NR01890K","article-title":"Stepwise assembly of a cross-linked free-standing nanoparticle sheet with controllable shape","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1107\/S0567740870005198","article-title":"Crystal Structure of Poly-\u03b5-caprolactone","volume":"B26","author":"Bittinger","year":"1970","journal-title":"Acta Cryst."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1002\/marc.201300218","article-title":"Poly(2-vinylpyridine)-block-Poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) Single Crystals in Micellar Solution","volume":"34","author":"Su","year":"2013","journal-title":"Macromol. Rapid Commun."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1021\/ma0482359","article-title":"In-Situ Hot Stage Atomic Force Microscopy Study of Poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) Crystal Growth in Ultrathin Films","volume":"38","author":"Mareau","year":"2005","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8975","DOI":"10.1016\/S0032-3861(00)00240-8","article-title":"Real-time crystallization study of poly(e-caprolactone) by hot-stage atomic force microscopy","volume":"41","author":"Beekmans","year":"2000","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1021\/mz5002806","article-title":"Janus Polymer Single Crystal Nanosheet via Evaporative Crystallization","volume":"3","author":"Qi","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACS Macro Lett."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5992","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2005.05.083","article-title":"Single crystal morphology of star-branched polyesters with crystallisable poly(3-caprolactone) arms","volume":"46","author":"Nunez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_118","unstructured":"Cahn, R.W., Haasen, P., and Kramer, E.J. (1993). Structure of Polymer Single Crystals in Materials Science and Technology, Structure and Properties of Polymers, VCH. Chapter 3."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tca.2015.03.010","article-title":"Study on the crystallization of multiarm stars with a poly (ethyleneimine) core and poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) arms of different length","volume":"607","author":"Diaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Thermochim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2017.11.006","article-title":"A comprehensive review on polymer single crystals\u2014From fundamental concepts to applications","volume":"81","author":"Agbolaghi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1080\/00222340801955636","article-title":"Morphology, Crystallization, and Melting of Single Crystals and Thin Films of Star-branched Polyesters with Poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) Arms as Revealed by Atomic Force Microscopy","volume":"47","author":"Nunez","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Macromol. Sci. Part B Physics"},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3630","DOI":"10.1021\/ma011918t","article-title":"Crystalline Structure of Poly(decamethylene sebacate). Repercussions on Lamellar Folding Surfaces","volume":"35","author":"Armelin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2075","DOI":"10.1080\/00222348.2012.661678","article-title":"Crystallization and Melting Behavior of Monodisperse Oligomers of \u03b5-Caprolactone","volume":"51","author":"Sanandaji","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Macromol. Sci. Part B Physics"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2005.11.040","article-title":"Crystallization pf block copolymers in restricted cylindrical geometries","volume":"47","author":"Vasiliev","year":"2006","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11602","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5b07487","article-title":"Temperature-Dependent Multidimensional Self-Assembly of Polyphenylene-Based \u201cRod\u2212Coil\u201d Graft Polymers","volume":"137","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simpson, J.H. (2012). Organic Structure Determination Using 2-D NMR Spectrocopy- A Problem-Based Approach, Elsevier. [2nd ed.]. Ch. 2\u2014\u201cInstrumental Considerations\u201d.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-384970-0.00002-8"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elschner, A., Kirchmeyer, S., Lovenich, W., Merker, U., and Reuter, K. (2011). PEDOT\u2014Principle and Applications of an Intrinsically Conductive Polymer, CRC Press. ch. 5\u2014\u201cThe Synthesis of EDOT Monomer and Its Physical and Chemical Properties\u201d.","DOI":"10.1201\/b10318"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2018.03.135","article-title":"p-Toluenesulfonic acid catalytic polymerization of EDOT without oxidants","volume":"222","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2000219","DOI":"10.1002\/macp.202000219","article-title":"Method of Preparation of Soluble PEDOT: Self-Polymerization of EDOT without Oxidant at Room Temperature","volume":"221","author":"Tomsik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Macromol. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elschner, A., Kirchmeyer, S., Lovenich, W., Merker, U., and Reuter, K. (2011). PEDOT\u2014Principle and Applications of an Intrinsically Conductive Polymer, CRC Press. ch. 6\u2014\u201cFrom EDOT to PEDOT: Oxidative Polymerization and Other Routes\u201d.","DOI":"10.1201\/b10318"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5115","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CP04426F","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of bicontinuous cubic poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) gyroid (PEDOT GYR) gels","volume":"17","author":"Cho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6954","DOI":"10.1039\/C6PY01642A","article-title":"Poly(3,4-dioxythiophene) soft nano-network with a compatible ion transporting channel for improved electrochromic performance","volume":"7","author":"Qin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1186\/1556-276X-9-557","article-title":"The structure and properties of PEDOT synthesized by template-free solution method","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nanoscale Res. Lett."}],"container-title":["Polymers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/13\/16\/2720\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:45:58Z","timestamp":1760165158000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/13\/16\/2720"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]]},"references-count":133,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["polym13162720"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym13162720","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]]}}}