{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T18:33:19Z","timestamp":1792002799387,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":162,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,3]],"date-time":"2021-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012818","name":"Comunidad de Madrid","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017-T1\/BIO-4992"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-T1\/BIO-4992"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012818","name":"Comunidad de Madrid","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B2017-BMD3731"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B2017-BMD3731"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012818","name":"Comunidad de Madrid","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IND2020\/BIO-17523"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IND2020\/BIO-17523"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DTS20\/00109"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DTS20\/00109"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world, which is why it is so important to make an early and very precise diagnosis to obtain a good prognosis. Thanks to the combination of several imaging modalities in the form of the multimodal molecular imaging (MI) strategy, a great advance has been made in early diagnosis, in more targeted and personalized therapy, and in the prediction of the results that will be obtained once the anticancer treatment is applied. In this context, magnetic nanoparticles have been positioned as strong candidates for diagnostic agents as they provide very good imaging performance. Furthermore, thanks to their high versatility, when combined with other molecular agents (for example, fluorescent molecules or radioisotopes), they highlight the advantages of several imaging techniques at the same time. These hybrid nanosystems can be also used as multifunctional and\/or theranostic systems as they can provide images of the tumor area while they administer drugs and act as therapeutic agents. Therefore, in this review, we selected and identified more than 160 recent articles and reviews and offer a broad overview of the most important concepts that support the synthesis and application of multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as molecular agents in advanced cancer detection based on the multimodal molecular imaging approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13172989","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T13:18:26Z","timestamp":1630934306000},"page":"2989","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Recent Advances in Multimodal Molecular Imaging of Cancer Mediated by Hybrid Magnetic Nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yurena","family":"Luengo Morato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanobiotechnology for Life Sciences Lab, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Ovejero Paredes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanobiotechnology for Life Sciences Lab, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Microscopy and Dynamic Imaging Unit, Fundaci\u00f3n Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC F.S.P.), Calle Melchor Fern\u00e1ndez Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Lozano Chamizo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanobiotechnology for Life Sciences Lab, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marzia","family":"Marciello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanobiotechnology for Life Sciences Lab, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8142-4566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Filice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanobiotechnology for Life Sciences Lab, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Microscopy and Dynamic Imaging Unit, Fundaci\u00f3n Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC F.S.P.), Calle Melchor Fern\u00e1ndez Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Melchor Fern\u00e1ndez Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2021, February 04). 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