{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T10:32:29Z","timestamp":1790764349983,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":157,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]],"date-time":"2021-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001824","name":"Czech Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19-01438S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19-01438S"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Czech Academy of Sciences and German Academic Exchange Service","award":["bilateral Czech-German mobility project DAAD  # 57448291, CAS # DAAD-19-09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["bilateral Czech-German mobility project DAAD  # 57448291, CAS # DAAD-19-09"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004240","name":"Czech Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Strategy AV21 (# VP06 - Diagnostic Methods and Techniques)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Strategy AV21 (# VP06 - Diagnostic Methods and Techniques)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004240","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Iron and copper are essential micronutrients needed for the proper function of every cell. However, in excessive amounts, these elements are toxic, as they may cause oxidative stress, resulting in damage to the liver and other organs. This may happen due to poisoning, as a side effect of thalassemia infusion therapy or due to hereditary diseases hemochromatosis or Wilson\u2019s disease. The current golden standard of therapy of iron and copper overload is the use of low-molecular-weight chelators of these elements. However, these agents suffer from severe side effects, are often expensive and possess unfavorable pharmacokinetics, thus limiting the usability of such therapy. The emerging concepts are polymer-supported iron- and copper-chelating therapeutics, either for parenteral or oral use, which shows vivid potential to keep the therapeutic efficacy of low-molecular-weight agents, while avoiding their drawbacks, especially their side effects. Critical evaluation of this new perspective polymer approach is the purpose of this review article.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13223969","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]],"date-time":"2021-11-17T09:16:11Z","timestamp":1637140571000},"page":"3969","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Chelators for Treatment of Iron and Copper Overload: Shift from Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds to Polymers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Martin","family":"Hruby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Heyrovsk\u00e9ho N\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irma Ivette Santana","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research Bautzner Landstra\u00dfe 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2972-2803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Holger","family":"Stephan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research Bautzner Landstra\u00dfe 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavla","family":"Pouckova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Salmovska 1, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiri","family":"Benes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Salmovska 1, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"Stepanek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Heyrovsk\u00e9ho N\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1039\/C7MT00324B","article-title":"Dynamic changes in copper homeostasis and post-transcriptional regulation ofAtp7aduring myogenic differentiation","volume":"10","author":"Vest","year":"2018","journal-title":"Metallomics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.revmed.2004.09.024","article-title":"Advances in iron metabolism: A transition state","volume":"26","author":"Cadet","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev. 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