{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:02:39Z","timestamp":1787029359071,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,27]],"date-time":"2021-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004607","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018GXNS-267 FAA138178"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018GXNS-267 FAA138178"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004607","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Major Science and Technology Projects in Guangxi","award":["AA18118044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA18118044"]}]},{"name":"Major Science and Technology Projects in Guangxi","award":["AA17204067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA17204067"]}]},{"name":"Key 268 Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi 269 Normal University), Ministry of Education, China","award":["**"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["**"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21861004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21861004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31360158"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31360158"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this work is to investigate the effects of copper (II) sulfate on the formaldehyde release and the mechanical properties of urea formaldehyde (UF) adhesive. Copper (II) sulfate has been used as a formaldehyde scavenger in UF resin, and its effects on the physical and chemical properties of UF adhesive have been studied. Moreover, the mechanical properties and formaldehyde release of plywood prepared with modified UF resin have been determined. The UF resin has been characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). FTIR spectra showed that the addition of copper (II) sulfate to the UF resin does not affect the IR absorptions of its functional groups, implying that the structure of UF is not modified. Further results showed that the free formaldehyde content of the UF resin incorporating 3% copper (II) sulfate was 0.13 wt.%, around 71% lower than that of the untreated control UF adhesive. With a copper (II) sulfate content of 3%, the formaldehyde release from treated plywood was 0.74 mg\u00b7L\u22121, around 50% lower than that from the control UF adhesive, and the bonding strength reached 1.73 MPa, around 43% higher than that of the control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14010094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,28]],"date-time":"2021-12-28T01:20:43Z","timestamp":1640654443000},"page":"94","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effect of Copper (II) Sulfate on the Properties of Urea Formaldehyde Adhesive"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China"},{"name":"College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianzhen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mianwu","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China"},{"name":"College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiujian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China"},{"name":"College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weixing","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2019.01.002","article-title":"New in-sight into the use of latent catalysts for the synthesis of urea formaldehyde adhesives and the mechanical properties of medium density fiberboards bonded with them","volume":"112","author":"Dorieh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. 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