{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T01:09:38Z","timestamp":1785892178273,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CCI N\u00ba 2007ES161PO001 (Project No. 14-20\/20)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CCI N\u00ba 2007ES161PO001 (Project No. 14-20\/20)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"MCIN\/AEI\/ 10.13039\/501100011033","award":["PID2020-113081RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-113081RB-I00"]}]},{"name":"MCIN\/AEI\/ 10.13039\/501100011033","award":["PRE2018-086441"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRE2018-086441"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004687","name":"University of Murcia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RG2020-002UM"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RG2020-002UM"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent years, silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNs) have been consolidated as drug delivery systems (DDSs) with multiple applications in personalized medicine. The design of a simple, inexpensive, and scalable preparation method is an objective pursued by many research groups. When the objective is to produce nanoparticles suitable for biomedical uses, their sterility is essential. To achieve sufficient control of all the crucial stages in the process and knowledge of their implications for the final characteristics of the nanoparticles, the present work focused on the final stage of sterilization. In this work, the sterilization of SFNs was studied by comparing the effect of different available treatments on the characteristics of the nanoparticles. Two different sterilization methods, gamma irradiation and autoclaving, were tested, and optimal conditions were identified to achieve the sterilization of SFNs by gamma irradiation. The minimum irradiation dose to achieve sterilization of the nanoparticle suspension without changes in the nanoparticle size, polydispersity, or Z-potential was determined to be 5 kiloGrays (kGy). These simple and safe methods were successfully implemented for the sterilization of SFNs in aqueous suspension and facilitate the application of these nanoparticles in medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14030498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T04:49:51Z","timestamp":1643258991000},"page":"498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The Effect of Sterilization on the Characteristics of Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda Alejandra","family":"Asensio Ruiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Radiofarmacia, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Murciano de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5201-117X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta G.","family":"Fuster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence \u201cCampus Mare Nostrum\u201d, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Mart\u00ednez Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Radiofarmacia, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Murciano de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1085-3042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mercedes G.","family":"Montalb\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence \u201cCampus Mare Nostrum\u201d, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Cenis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biotecnolog\u00eda, Gen\u00f3mica y Mejora Vegetal, Instituto Murciano de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo Agrario y Medioambiental (IMIDA), 30150 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7325-9131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gloria","family":"V\u00edllora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence \u201cCampus Mare Nostrum\u201d, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5749-3737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio Abel","family":"Lozano-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Murciano de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Biotecnolog\u00eda, Gen\u00f3mica y Mejora Vegetal, Instituto Murciano de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo Agrario y Medioambiental (IMIDA), 30150 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(02)00353-8","article-title":"Silk-based biomaterials","volume":"24","author":"Altman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2010.03.009","article-title":"Silk-based delivery systems of bioactive molecules","volume":"62","author":"Numata","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. 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