{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T21:17:15Z","timestamp":1790803035550,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This research presents the influence of two different cellulose (hydrophobic pretreated\/non-pretreated) and one flax-fiber unidirectional nonwoven low areal weight fiber reinforcements on the mechanical properties of urea-formaldehyde bonded five layered beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) plywood as an alternative to commonly used synthetic fiber reinforcements. The results display divergent trends regarding the improvement of the mechanical properties\u2014modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, tensile strength, shear strength, and screw withdrawal resistance. The non-treated cellulose and flax reinforcing nonwoven fabrics revealed similar mechanical behaviors. The hydrophobic pretreatment of cellulose nonwovens improved the performance of plywood regarding tensile strength (10\u201311%), shear strength (7\u201316%), screw withdrawal resistance (11\u201315%), and modulus of rupture (0\u20132%), but lowered modulus of elasticity (2\u20133%) compared to the reference.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14040843","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T20:48:41Z","timestamp":1645476521000},"page":"843","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Mechanical Properties of Cellulose and Flax Fiber Unidirectional Reinforced Plywood"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Johannes","family":"Jorda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest Products Technology and Timber Construction Department, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Markt 136a, 5431 Kuchl, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcnther","family":"Kain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest Products Technology and Timber Construction Department, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Markt 136a, 5431 Kuchl, Austria"},{"name":"Department for Furniture and Interior Design, Higher Technical College Hallstatt, Lahnstra\u00dfe 69, 4830 Hallstatt, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0622-6038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marius-Catalin","family":"Barbu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest Products Technology and Timber Construction Department, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Markt 136a, 5431 Kuchl, Austria"},{"name":"Faculty for Furniture Design and Wood Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, B-dul. Eroilor Nr. 29, 500036 Brasov, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berndt","family":"K\u00f6ll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft, Werkstrasse 2, 4860 Lenzing, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Petutschnigg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest Products Technology and Timber Construction Department, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Markt 136a, 5431 Kuchl, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Kr\u00e1l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wood Science and Technology, Mendel University, Zem\u0115d\u0115lsk\u00e1 3, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Paulitsch, M., and Barbu, M.C. (2015). 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