{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T12:14:11Z","timestamp":1777551251159,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The emergence of bacterial resistance has increased the economic burden of infectious diseases dramatically during the previous few decades. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is difficult to cure in both Gram-negative and positive bacteria and is often incurable with traditional and broad-range antibiotics. Therefore, developing techniques to increase the antibacterial activity of therapeutic drugs is essential. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are extremely versatile hybrid materials made of metal ions coupled via organic bridging ligands. They have been widely used as an excellent vehicle for drug delivery due to their low toxicity, biodegradability, and structural stability upon loading and functionalization. The present study focused on the synthesis of mannose (MNS)-coated MOFs with enhanced surface contact with S. aureus cells. The MNS coating on the surface of MOFs enhances their adherence to bacteria by binding to lectins present on the bacterial cell, resulting in improved VCM cellular penetration and activity against resistant bacteria. Various techniques, including atomic force microscopy, DLS, TGA, FT-IR, and DSC, were employed to analyze MNS-coated MOFs. They were also evaluated for their efficacy against resistant S. aureus. The results indicated that when VCM was loaded into MNS-coated MOFs, their bactericidal activity rose dramatically, resulting in the greater suppression of resistant S. aureus. AFM investigation of S. aureus strains demonstrated total morphological distortion after treatment with MNS-coated drug-loaded MOFs. The results of this work suggest that MNS-coated MOFs may be effective for reversing bacterial resistance to VCM and open new pathways for improving antibiotic therapy for diseases associated with MDR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14132712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]],"date-time":"2022-07-04T20:59:18Z","timestamp":1656968358000},"page":"2712","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Characterization and Antibacterial Evaluation of Biodegradable Mannose-Conjugated Fe-MIL-88NH2 Composites Containing Vancomycin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2633-3973","authenticated-orcid":false,"family":"Haseena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8839-4419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muddaser","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan"},{"name":"Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khadija","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 74200, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adnan","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5147-5936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arshad","family":"Farid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlotta","family":"Marini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8122-9170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Di Cerbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Raza","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0398-46","article-title":"The challenge of antibiotic resistance","volume":"278","author":"Levy","year":"1998","journal-title":"Sci. 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