{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T12:20:43Z","timestamp":1768825243353,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Rector\u2019s of The Silesian University of Technology Habilitation","award":["07\/020\/RGH20\/0062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["07\/020\/RGH20\/0062"]}]},{"name":"Rector\u2019s of The Silesian University of Technology Habilitation","award":["07\/020\/BK_22\/0073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["07\/020\/BK_22\/0073"]}]},{"name":"Rector\u2019s of The Silesian University of Technology Habilitation","award":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16-013\/0001791"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16-013\/0001791"]}]},{"name":"Rector\u2019s of The Silesian University of Technology Habilitation","award":["SP2021\/106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SP2021\/106"]}]},{"name":"Rector\u2019s of The Silesian University of Technology Habilitation","award":["SP2022\/31"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SP2022\/31"]}]},{"name":"Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education","award":["07\/020\/RGH20\/0062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["07\/020\/RGH20\/0062"]}]},{"name":"Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education","award":["07\/020\/BK_22\/0073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["07\/020\/BK_22\/0073"]}]},{"name":"Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education","award":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16-013\/0001791"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16-013\/0001791"]}]},{"name":"Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education","award":["SP2021\/106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SP2021\/106"]}]},{"name":"Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education","award":["SP2022\/31"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SP2022\/31"]}]},{"name":"IT4Innovations national supercomputing centre\u2014path to exascale project","award":["07\/020\/RGH20\/0062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["07\/020\/RGH20\/0062"]}]},{"name":"IT4Innovations national supercomputing centre\u2014path to exascale project","award":["07\/020\/BK_22\/0073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["07\/020\/BK_22\/0073"]}]},{"name":"IT4Innovations national supercomputing centre\u2014path to exascale project","award":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16-013\/0001791"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16-013\/0001791"]}]},{"name":"IT4Innovations national supercomputing centre\u2014path to exascale project","award":["SP2021\/106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SP2021\/106"]}]},{"name":"IT4Innovations national supercomputing centre\u2014path to exascale project","award":["SP2022\/31"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SP2022\/31"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic","award":["07\/020\/RGH20\/0062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["07\/020\/RGH20\/0062"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic","award":["07\/020\/BK_22\/0073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["07\/020\/BK_22\/0073"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic","award":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16-013\/0001791"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16-013\/0001791"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic","award":["SP2021\/106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SP2021\/106"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic","award":["SP2022\/31"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SP2022\/31"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to conduct artificial ageing tests on polymer-ceramic composites prepared from polyamide PA-12 polymer matrix for medical applications and three different variants of ceramic fillers: zirconia, alumina and cenospheres. Before ageing, the samples were subjected to ethyl oxide sterilization. The composite variants were prepared for 3D printing using the fused deposition modeling method. The control group consisted of unsterilized samples. Samples were subjected to artificial ageing in a high-pressure autoclave. Ageing conditions were calculated from the modified Hammerlich Arrhenius kinetic equation. Ageing was carried out in artificial saliva. After ageing the composites were subjected to mechanical (tensile strength, hardness, surface roughness) testing, chemical and structural (MS, FTIR) analysis, electron microscopy observations (SEM\/EDS) and absorbability measurements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14153152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T00:15:26Z","timestamp":1659485726000},"page":"3152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["PA-12-Zirconia-Alumina-Cenospheres 3D Printed Composites: Accelerated Ageing and Role of the Sterilisation Process for Physicochemical Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6882-2930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damian S.","family":"Nakonieczny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Manufacturing Technologies of Ceramic Components and Composites, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"},{"name":"Nanotechnology Centre, CEET, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, 708733 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5755-490X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Antonowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9705-6419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gra\u017eyna","family":"SimhaMartynkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanotechnology Centre, CEET, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, 708733 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0897-3774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank","family":"Kern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Manufacturing Technologies of Ceramic Components and Composites, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lenka","family":"Pazourkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IT4 Innovations, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, 708733 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7280-8979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karol","family":"Erfurt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"H\u00fcpsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sdentj.2021.01.002","article-title":"The trends of dental biomaterials research and future directions: A mapping review","volume":"33","author":"Iftikhar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Saudi Dent. 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