{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T20:51:35Z","timestamp":1790023895036,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Mega-grants program","award":["075-15-2021-578"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["075-15-2021-578"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Samples in the form of cylindrical plates, additively manufactured using the fused deposition modelling (or filament freeform fabrication, FDM\/FFF) technology from polylactide (PLA), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) and polyetheretherketone (PEEK), were studied in series of in-vitro experiments on the adhesion of rat bone-marrow cells and rat peritoneal cells. Methods of estimation of the absolute number of cells and polymer samples\u2019 mass change were used for the evaluation of cells adhesion, followed by the evaluation of cell-culture supernatants. The results of experiments for both types of cells demonstrated a statistically significant change in the absolute number of cells (variation from 44 to 119%) and the weight of the polymer samples (variation from 0.61 to 2.18%), depending on roughness of sample surface, controlled by a nozzle diameter of a 3D printer as well as printing layer height. It was found that more cells adhere to PLA samples with a larger nozzle diameter and layer height. For PETG samples, the results did not show a clear relationship between cell adhesion and printing parameters. For PEEK samples, on the contrary, adhesion to samples printed with a lower nozzle diameter (higher resolution) is better than to samples printed with a larger nozzle diameter (lower resolution). The difference in results for various polymers can be explained by their chemical structure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14193958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T05:33:14Z","timestamp":1663824794000},"page":"3958","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Biocompatibility of 3D-Printed PLA, PEEK and PETG: Adhesion of Bone Marrow and Peritoneal Lavage Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Stanislav Y.","family":"Shilov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Ecological Immunology, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 614081 Perm, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3199-455X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yulia A.","family":"Rozhkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Engineering Faculty, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 614990 Perm, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lubov N.","family":"Markova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Faculty of Chemistry, Perm State National Research University, 614990 Perm, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikhail A.","family":"Tashkinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Mechanics of Biocompatible Materials and Devices, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 614990 Perm, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1885-0404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilya V.","family":"Vindokurov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Mechanics of Biocompatible Materials and Devices, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 614990 Perm, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3338-3311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vadim V.","family":"Silberschmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2021.121194","article-title":"The evaluation of the effect of different superdisintegrants on the drug release from fdm 3d printed tablets through different applied strategies: In vitro-in silico assessment","volume":"610","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. 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