{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T06:20:47Z","timestamp":1790058047953,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,23]],"date-time":"2022-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFD1600402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1600402"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020GXLH-Z-031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020GXLH-Z-031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20JS106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JS106"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20JY052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JY052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52072075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52072075"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021QKJ-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021QKJ-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.2018JC-028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2018JC-028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi Province","award":["2021YFD1600402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1600402"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi Province","award":["2020GXLH-Z-031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020GXLH-Z-031"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi Province","award":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi Province","award":["20JS106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JS106"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi Province","award":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi Province","award":["20JY052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JY052"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi Province","award":["52072075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52072075"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi Province","award":["2021QKJ-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021QKJ-001"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi Province","award":["No.2018JC-028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2018JC-028"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Weinan City","award":["2021YFD1600402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1600402"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Weinan City","award":["2020GXLH-Z-031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020GXLH-Z-031"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Weinan City","award":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Weinan City","award":["20JS106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JS106"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Weinan City","award":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Weinan City","award":["20JY052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JY052"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Weinan City","award":["52072075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52072075"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Weinan City","award":["2021QKJ-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021QKJ-001"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Weinan City","award":["No.2018JC-028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2018JC-028"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province","award":["2021YFD1600402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1600402"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province","award":["2020GXLH-Z-031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020GXLH-Z-031"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province","award":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province","award":["20JS106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JS106"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province","award":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province","award":["20JY052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JY052"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province","award":["52072075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52072075"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province","award":["2021QKJ-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021QKJ-001"]}]},{"name":"Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province","award":["No.2018JC-028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2018JC-028"]}]},{"name":"Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["2021YFD1600402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1600402"]}]},{"name":"Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["2020GXLH-Z-031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020GXLH-Z-031"]}]},{"name":"Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"]}]},{"name":"Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["20JS106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JS106"]}]},{"name":"Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"]}]},{"name":"Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["20JY052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JY052"]}]},{"name":"Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["52072075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52072075"]}]},{"name":"Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["2021QKJ-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021QKJ-001"]}]},{"name":"Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["No.2018JC-028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2018JC-028"]}]},{"name":"Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Collaborative Innovation Center Project","award":["2021YFD1600402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1600402"]}]},{"name":"Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Collaborative Innovation Center Project","award":["2020GXLH-Z-031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020GXLH-Z-031"]}]},{"name":"Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Collaborative Innovation Center Project","award":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"]}]},{"name":"Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Collaborative Innovation Center Project","award":["20JS106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JS106"]}]},{"name":"Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Collaborative Innovation Center Project","award":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"]}]},{"name":"Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Collaborative Innovation Center Project","award":["20JY052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JY052"]}]},{"name":"Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Collaborative Innovation Center Project","award":["52072075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52072075"]}]},{"name":"Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Collaborative Innovation Center Project","award":["2021QKJ-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021QKJ-001"]}]},{"name":"Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Collaborative Innovation Center Project","award":["No.2018JC-028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2018JC-028"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFD1600402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1600402"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020GXLH-Z-031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020GXLH-Z-031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20JS106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JS106"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20JY052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JY052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52072075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52072075"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021QKJ-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021QKJ-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.2018JC-028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2018JC-028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science and technology planning project of Qindu District, Xianyang City","award":["2021YFD1600402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1600402"]}]},{"name":"Science and technology planning project of Qindu District, Xianyang City","award":["2020GXLH-Z-031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020GXLH-Z-031"]}]},{"name":"Science and technology planning project of Qindu District, Xianyang City","award":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"]}]},{"name":"Science and technology planning project of Qindu District, Xianyang City","award":["20JS106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JS106"]}]},{"name":"Science and technology planning project of Qindu District, Xianyang City","award":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"]}]},{"name":"Science and technology planning project of Qindu District, Xianyang City","award":["20JY052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JY052"]}]},{"name":"Science and technology planning project of Qindu District, Xianyang City","award":["52072075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52072075"]}]},{"name":"Science and technology planning project of Qindu District, Xianyang City","award":["2021QKJ-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021QKJ-001"]}]},{"name":"Science and technology planning project of Qindu District, Xianyang City","award":["No.2018JC-028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2018JC-028"]}]},{"name":"Outstanding Youth Science Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["2021YFD1600402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1600402"]}]},{"name":"Outstanding Youth Science Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["2020GXLH-Z-031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020GXLH-Z-031"]}]},{"name":"Outstanding Youth Science Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020ZDYF-GYCX-107"]}]},{"name":"Outstanding Youth Science Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["20JS106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JS106"]}]},{"name":"Outstanding Youth Science Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-ZYYD-NCC-9"]}]},{"name":"Outstanding Youth Science Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["20JY052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20JY052"]}]},{"name":"Outstanding Youth Science Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["52072075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52072075"]}]},{"name":"Outstanding Youth Science Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["2021QKJ-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021QKJ-001"]}]},{"name":"Outstanding Youth Science Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["No.2018JC-028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2018JC-028"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>As an excellent semiconductor photocatalyst, zinc oxide is widely used in the field of photocatalysis and is regarded as one of the most reliable materials to solve environmental problems. However, because its band gap energy limits the absorption of visible light and reduces the efficiency of catalytic degradation, it needs to be doped with other substances or compounded with other substances and precious metal. This paper summarizes the research on this aspect at home and abroad in recent years, introduces the doping of transition metal ions by zinc oxide, the compounding of zinc oxide with precious metals or other semiconductors, and the prospect of further improving the catalytic efficiency of zno photocatalyst is also put forward.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14214484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,24]],"date-time":"2022-10-24T08:19:06Z","timestamp":1666599546000},"page":"4484","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["A Study on Doping and Compound of Zinc Oxide Photocatalysts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Tan","family":"Mao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical and Material Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China"},{"name":"College of Printing, Packaging and Digital Media, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengchen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical and Material Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyuan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical and Material Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youliang","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Printing, Packaging and Digital Media, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changqing","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Printing, Packaging and Digital Media, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garrido-Cardenas, J.A., Esteban-Garc\u00eda, B., Ag\u00fcera, A., S\u00e1nchez-P\u00e9rez, J.A., and Manzano-Agugliaro, F. (2019). Wastewater Treatment by Advanced Oxidation Process and Their Worldwide Research Trends. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17010170"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"271","article-title":"Preparation of ZnO Nanomaterials and Their Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants","volume":"37","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Donghua Univ. Eng. Ed."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmst.2016.11.017","article-title":"Recent Progress on Visible Light Responsive Heterojunctions for Photocatalytic Applications","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2004.07.005","article-title":"Coagulation-flocculation-decantation of dye house effluents: Concentrated ef-fluents","volume":"116","author":"Allegre","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2004.11.003","article-title":"Efficiency of the coagulation\/flocculation method for the treatment of dyebath effluents","volume":"67","author":"Golob","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dye. Pigment."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cep.2004.06.010","article-title":"Electro-coagulation of reactive textile dyes and textile wastewater","volume":"44","author":"Alinsafi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Process. Process Intensif."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-7208(03)00148-7","article-title":"Removal of some reactive dyes from synthetic wastewater by combined Al(III) coagulation\/carbon adsorption process","volume":"62","author":"Koprivanac","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dye. Pigment."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.catcom.2012.09.013","article-title":"ZnO\u2013graphene composite for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye","volume":"29","author":"Fan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Catal. Commun."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2015.01.139","article-title":"Surface defects control for ZnO nanorods synthesized by quenching and their anti-recombination in photocatalysis","volume":"332","author":"Fang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2015.02.011","article-title":"Initial reactant controlled synthesis of double layered TiO2, nanostructures and characterization of its spectra of absorption and photoluminescence","volume":"148","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.06.044","article-title":"TiO2 and ZnO photocatalytic treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) and feasibility of renewable energy generation: A short review","volume":"233","author":"Ng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201901997","article-title":"Fundamentals of TiO2 Photocatalysis: Concepts, Mechanisms, and Challenges","volume":"31","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2021.120226","article-title":"Primary photocatalytic water reduction and oxidation at an anatase TiO2 and Pt-TiO2 nanocrystalline electrode revealed by quantitative transient absorption studies","volume":"296","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. B Environ."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-019-0344-1","article-title":"Reversible and cooperative photoactivation of single-atom Cu\/TiO2 photocatalysts","volume":"18","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7764","DOI":"10.1021\/ic300794j","article-title":"Nanostructured SnO2-ZnO heterojunction photocatalysts showing enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of organic dyes","volume":"51","author":"Uddin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2011.01.105","article-title":"Synthesis and photocatalysis properties of ZnO structures with different morphologies via hydrothermal method","volume":"257","author":"Xie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"2833","article-title":"Zinc Oxide\u2014From Synthesis to Application: A Review","volume":"4","author":"Jesionowski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-6030(01)00414-2","article-title":"Unusual photoreactivity of zinc oxide irradiated by concentrated sunligh","volume":"140","author":"Dindar","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(02)00168-6","article-title":"Heterogeneous water phase catalysis as an environmental application: A review","volume":"48","author":"Pirkanniemi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(99)00068-5","article-title":"Advanced oxidation of a pulp mill bleaching wastewater","volume":"39","author":"Yeber","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-6030(01)00423-3","article-title":"Photocatalytic degradation of 2-phenylphenol on TiO2, and ZnO in aqueous suspensions","volume":"141","author":"Khodja","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/1010-6030(94)03906-B","article-title":"Exploiting the interparticle electron transfer process in the photocatalysed oxidation of phenol, 2-chlorophenol and pentachlorophenol: Chemical evidence for electron and hole transfer between coupled semiconductors","volume":"85","author":"Serpone","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1021\/jp003172r","article-title":"Preparation characterization and photocatalytic activity of polycrystalline ZnO\/TiO2 systems","volume":"105","author":"Marci","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2010.10.007","article-title":"Significantly enhanced photocatalytic performance of ZnO via graphene hybridization and the mechanism study","volume":"101","author":"Xu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. B Environ."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s13762-021-03160-1","article-title":"UV-light photocatalytic degradation of non-ionic surfactants using ZnO nanoparticles","volume":"19","author":"Huszla","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2142","DOI":"10.1039\/c2nr33595f","article-title":"Novel hollow Pt-ZnO nanocomposite micropheres with hierarchical structure and enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability","volume":"5","author":"Yu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2013.01.160","article-title":"Green emission in ZnO nanostructures-examination of the roles of oxygen and zinc vacancies","volume":"271","author":"Leung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2016.12.082","article-title":"Controlled structural and compositional characteristic of visible light active ZnO\/CuO photocatalyst for the degradation of organic pollutant","volume":"418","author":"Harish","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.powtec.2021.03.051","article-title":"Controlled microwave-assisted and pH-affected growth of ZnO structures and their photocatalytic performance","volume":"386","author":"Kubiak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Powder Technol."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"3","article-title":"Research progress of fabrication of ZnO-based photoanode and photoelectrocatalytic water splitting performances","volume":"40","author":"Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Ind. Eng. Prog."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18187","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.9b03609","article-title":"Yttrium-doped ZnO nanorod arrays for increased charge mobility and carrier density for enhanced solar water splitting","volume":"123","author":"Commandeur","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"055602","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/aa51b6","article-title":"A novel fabrication methodology for sulfur-doped ZnO nanorods as an active photoanode for improved water oxidation in visible-light regime","volume":"28","author":"Khan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2016.04.001","article-title":"Band alignment engineering for improved performance and stability of ZnFe2O4 modified CdS\/ZnO nanostructured photoanode for PEC water splitting","volume":"24","author":"Cao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2789","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CY00656C","article-title":"ZnO nanowire arrays decorated with PtO nanowires for efficient solar water splitting","volume":"8","author":"Fu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Catal. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2017.08.023","article-title":"Growth of Cu doped ZnO nanowires or ZnO-CuO nanowires on the sanme brass foil with high performance photocatalytic activity and stability","volume":"201","author":"Chou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2016.05.227","article-title":"Correlation between oxygen cacancies and dopant concentration in Mn doped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by co-Precipitation technique","volume":"684","author":"Gao","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Alloy. Compd."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inoche.2021.108763","article-title":"Structural and morphological optimization of Ni doped ZnO decorated silicon nanowires for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue","volume":"131","author":"Hammouche","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem. Commun."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tang, L., Jia, Y., Zhu, Z., Hua, Y., Wu, J., Zou, Z., and Zhou, Y. (2022). Effects of Co Doping on the Growth and Photocatalytic Properties of ZnO Particles. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27030833"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solidstatesciences.2016.04.008","article-title":"Co doped ZnO nanowires as visible light photocatalysts","volume":"56","author":"Juhnevica","year":"2016","journal-title":"Solid State Sci."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peerakiatkhajohn, P., Butburee, T., Sul, J.-H., Thaweesak, S., and Yun, J.-H. (2021). Efficient and Rapid Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange Dye Using Al\/ZnO Nanoparticles. Nanaomaterials, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano11041059"},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"362","article-title":"Structural, microstructural and photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue of zinc oxide and Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles prepared by simple coprecipitation method","volume":"114","author":"Roguai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Solid State Commun."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17925","DOI":"10.1007\/s10854-021-06328-0","article-title":"Efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes using Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles","volume":"32","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2014.01.019","article-title":"Influence of ultrasonication times onthe tunable colour emission of ZnO nanophosphos for lighting applications","volume":"21","author":"Kumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ultrason. Sonochemistry"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200901884","article-title":"Blue luminescence of ZnO nanoparticles based on non-equilibrium process: Defect origins and emission controls","volume":"20","author":"Zeng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-4332(02)01225-4","article-title":"Photoluminescence of ZnO films excited with light of different wavelength","volume":"207","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1007\/s10971-020-05269-0","article-title":"Study on microstructural and electro-optical properties of sol\u2013gel derived pure and Al\/Cu-doped ZnO thin films","volume":"96","author":"Dabir","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-011-0163-4","article-title":"A high performance cobalt-doped ZnO visible light photocatalyst and its photogenerated charge transfer properties","volume":"4","author":"Lu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nano Res."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16182","DOI":"10.1021\/jp2115143","article-title":"Worm-like Ag\/ZnO core-shell heterostructural composites: Fabrication, characterization, and photocatalysis","volume":"116","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4095(20020605)14:11<833::AID-ADMA833>3.0.CO;2-K","article-title":"Large-scale synthesis of uniform silver nanowires through a soft, self-seeding, polyol process","volume":"14","author":"Sun","year":"2002","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2019.01.137","article-title":"Novel and efficient synthesis of Ag-ZnO nanoparticles for the sunlight-induced photocatalytic degradation","volume":"476","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e07402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e07402","article-title":"Novel starch-mediated synthesis of Au\/ZnO nanocrystals and their photocatalytic properties","volume":"7","author":"Peychev","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"04020046","article-title":"Preparation of Flower-Like Ag@AgBr\/ZnO Photocatalyst and Photocatalytic Degradation Mechanism on Cefuroxime Sodium","volume":"146","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Environ."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solidstatesciences.2021.106709","article-title":"Fabrication of Z-scheme ZnO\/Bi2O4 heterojunction photocatalyst with superior photocatalytic nitrogen fixation under visible light irradiation","volume":"119","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Solid State Sci."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spmi.2021.107113","article-title":"Design and characterization of single bilayer ZnO\/Al2O3 film by ultrasonically spray pyrolysis and its application in photocatalysis","volume":"164","author":"Gonullu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Micro Nanostructures"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2010.03.024","article-title":"P-Cu2O\/n-ZnO heterojunction applied to visible light orange II degradation","volume":"84","author":"Bessekhouad","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sol. Energy"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3017","article-title":"Highly active oxide photocathode for photoelectrochemical water reduction","volume":"10","author":"Paracchino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao, C., Zhong, K., Fang, X., Fang, D., Zhao, H., Wang, D., Li, B., Zhai, Y., Chu, X., and Li, J. (2021). Brief Review of Photocatalysis and Photoresponse Properties of ZnO\u2013Graphene Nanocomposites. Energies, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/en14196403"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-021-00609-3","article-title":"There is plenty of room at the top: Generation of hot charge carriers and their applications in perovskite and other semiconductor-based optoelectronic devices","volume":"10","author":"Ahmed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Light Sci. Appl."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mssp.2020.104948","article-title":"Influence of CdS nanorods on the optoelectronic properties of 2-dimensional rGO decorated polyindole matrix","volume":"110","author":"Verma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mseb.2019.114444","article-title":"Influence of bath temperature on surface modification and optoelectronic properties of chemical bath deposited CdS thin film nanostructures","volume":"251","author":"Wilson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. B"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21724","DOI":"10.1021\/jp408400c","article-title":"Basic principles for observing the photosensitizer role of graphene in the graphene-semiconductor composite photocatalyst from a case study on graphene-ZnO","volume":"117","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e03283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e03283","article-title":"Synergistic effect of zinc oxide nanorods on the photocatalytic performance and the biological activity of graphene nano sheets","volume":"6","author":"Ghanem","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_63","first-page":"8","article-title":"Hierarchical ZnO: Architecture, Morphological Control and Photocatalytic Activity","volume":"30","author":"Quan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chin. J. Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1007\/s11144-020-01741-8","article-title":"Photocatalysis of rhodamine B and methyl orange degradation under solar light on ZnO and Cu2O thin films","volume":"129","author":"Boughelout","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kinet. Mech. Catal"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2004.10.001","article-title":"Photocatalytic degradation of 2-chlorophenol by Co-doped TiO2, nanoparticles","volume":"57","author":"Barakat","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. B Environ."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2013.09.002","article-title":"Photoeletrocatalytic activity of an n-ZnO\/p-Cu2O\/n-TNA ternary heterojunction electrode for tetracycline degradation","volume":"262","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3524","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5b00152","article-title":"Fabrication of Au\/Graphene-wrapped ZnO-nanoparticle-assembled hollow spheres with effective photoinduced charge transfer for photocatalysis","volume":"7","author":"Khoa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_68","first-page":"435","article-title":"Synthesis and photocatalytic property of a Ag doped ZnO\/ZnSnO3 composite photocatalyst","volume":"42","author":"Yu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Funct. Mater."},{"key":"ref_69","first-page":"448","article-title":"Study on Preparation by Hydrothermal Method and Photocatalytic Acitivity of Fe-doped ZnO\/Ag Nano composite","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Qiangdao Univ. Sci. Technol. Nat. Sci. Ed."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2015.09.032","article-title":"Ultrasonic-assisted preparation of novel ternary ZnO\/AgI\/Fe3O4 nanocomposites as magnetically separable visible-light-driven photocatalysts with excellent activity","volume":"461","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."}],"container-title":["Polymers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/14\/21\/4484\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:01:13Z","timestamp":1760144473000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/14\/21\/4484"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,23]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["polym14214484"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym14214484","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,23]]}}}