{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T19:48:53Z","timestamp":1791575333002,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science and Technology Department of Shaanxi Province, China","award":["2021JQ-836"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JQ-836"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Department of Shaanxi Province, China","award":["2021AYFP02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021AYFP02"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Department of Shaanxi Province, China","award":["18JK0021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18JK0021"]}]},{"name":"Science and technology poverty alleviation Project of Ankang University","award":["2021JQ-836"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JQ-836"]}]},{"name":"Science and technology poverty alleviation Project of Ankang University","award":["2021AYFP02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021AYFP02"]}]},{"name":"Science and technology poverty alleviation Project of Ankang University","award":["18JK0021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18JK0021"]}]},{"name":"Education Department of Shaanxi Province, China","award":["2021JQ-836"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JQ-836"]}]},{"name":"Education Department of Shaanxi Province, China","award":["2021AYFP02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021AYFP02"]}]},{"name":"Education Department of Shaanxi Province, China","award":["18JK0021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18JK0021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sulfonated phenol\u2013formaldehyde (SPF) resin used as a cross-linker for petroleum reservoir conformance control was synthesized under alkaline conditions. The reaction process of SPF resin was evaluated by measuring the solution\u2019s viscosity with respect to phenol\u2013formaldehyde (PF) resin. The molecular structure of SPF resin was characterized by both FTIR and HPLC\u2013MS\/MS. The influence of the formaldehyde\/phenol molar ratio (F\/P) and the sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate\/phenol molar ratio (S\/P) on the properties of SPF were analyzed in terms of the storage time, coagulation value, molecular size, and zeta potential. The results indicate that the presence of formaldehyde sodium bisulfite could slow down condensation reaction. Phenol rings were connected by methylene bridges in the position of o\u2013p, and sulfonated SPF resin molecules all had one sulfonate group on the oligomer structure. The storage time decreased from 87 to 6 days, and the zeta potential decreased from \u22123.02 to \u22127.70 mV with the increase in F\/P (1.2\u20132.0). Meanwhile, the sedimentation value and the diameter increased from 3.291 \u00d7 104 to 5.045 \u00d7 104 mg\/L and from 2.7 to 5.3 nm, respectively. Sulfonation could significantly increase the storage time and dispersion stability. With the increase in S\/P (0.1\u20130.35), the storage time increased from 15 to 86 days, the sedimentation value increased from 1.927 \u00d7 104 to 5.269 \u00d7 104 mg\/L, and the diameter decreased from 6.3 to 3.0 nm. This paper can present new ideas for improving the storage stability and salt tolerance of phenol\u2013formaldehyde resin and further improving the range of its applications, which has essential reference significance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14214682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]],"date-time":"2022-11-03T03:53:07Z","timestamp":1667447587000},"page":"4682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Development and Evaluation of a Novel Sulfonated Phenol\u2013Formaldehyde Resin with High Dispersion Stability"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3486-5016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xianxing","family":"Meng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ankang University, Ankang 725000, China"},{"name":"Ankang Research Centre of New Nano-Materials Science and Technology, Ankang University, Ankang 725000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Likun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Oilfield Development Department, Songyuan 138001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ankang University, Ankang 725000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taying","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Karamay Caifeng Industrial Co., Ltd., Karamay 834000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunmu","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ankang University, Ankang 725000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Summary of Modification and Application of Phenolic Resin","volume":"29","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. 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