{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T05:17:43Z","timestamp":1777353463550,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]],"date-time":"2022-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003787","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["E2021507002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E2021507002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003787","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003787","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52074213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52074213"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003787","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["E2021507002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E2021507002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52074213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52074213"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, the fire behavior variation of unenergized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) copper wires subjected to overload with different currents was investigated by a cone calorimeter. Overload currents were selected from 1 times safe-rated current (Ie) to 3.5 times Ie to obtain tested sample wires. The mass fraction, time to ignition (TTI), heat release rate (HRR), gas emission, and residue were measured. If the current flowing through the wire increased up to 3.5 times Ie, the TTI of this unenergized wire increased drastically and the peak HRR (pHRR) decreased notably so that the flame growing index (FGI) reduced considerably. When the wire carried less than three times Ie, the FGI remained stable. For all overloaded PVC copper wires, the increase in the heat flux resulted in a higher pHRR and a lower burning duration. However, regardless of the external heat flux exposure, the FGI of copper wires overloaded at 3.5 times Ie was lower than that of copper wires carrying less than other times Ie. Moreover, the consumption of O2 and generation of CO2 as the heat flux varied were consistent with that of the HRR. Opposed to expectation, the flame propagation of unenergized PVC copper wires would decline in a fire, if the wire has been damaged by overload with some currents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14214766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]],"date-time":"2022-11-07T03:10:46Z","timestamp":1667790646000},"page":"4766","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effect of the Current on the Fire Characteristics of Overloaded Polyvinyl Chloride Copper Wires"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Zhe","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Science Institute, China People\u2019s Police University, Langfang 065000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingwen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology (XUST), Xi\u2019an 710054, China"},{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Coal Fire, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology (XUST), Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Science Institute, China People\u2019s Police University, Langfang 065000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huifei","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology (XUST), Xi\u2019an 710054, China"},{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Coal Fire, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology (XUST), Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huaibin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Science Institute, China People\u2019s Police University, Langfang 065000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junli","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Science Institute, China People\u2019s Police University, Langfang 065000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.firesaf.2022.103626","article-title":"Analysis of overload induced arc formation and beads characteristics in a residential electrical cable","volume":"131","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fire Saf. 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