{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T19:23:18Z","timestamp":1778613798334,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>New additive manufacturing techniques, such as melting electro-writing (MEW) or near-field electrospinning (NFES), are now used to include microfibers inside 3D printed scaffolds as FDM printers present a limited resolution in the XY axis, not making it easy to go under 100 \u00b5m without dealing with nozzle troubles. This work studies the possibility of creating reproducible microscopic internal fibers inside scaffolds printed by standard 3D printing. For this purpose, novel algorithms generating deposition routines (G-code) based on primitive geometrical figures were created by python scripts, modifying basic deposition conditions such as temperature, speed, or material flow. To evaluate the influence of these printing conditions on the creation of internal patterns at the microscopic level, an optical analysis of the printed scaffolds was carried out using a digital microscope and subsequent image analysis with ImageJ software. To conclude, the formation of heterogeneously shaped microfilaments (48 \u00b1 12 \u00b5m, mean \u00b1 S.D.) was achieved in a standard FDM 3D Printer with the strategies developed in this work, and it was found that the optimum conditions for obtaining such microfibers were high speeds and a reduced extrusion multiplier.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15010096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T07:31:56Z","timestamp":1672126316000},"page":"96","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Generation of Controlled Micrometric Fibers inside Printed Scaffolds Using Standard FDM 3D Printers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Elisa","family":"del Barrio Cort\u00e9s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Support Technical Unit, Aragon Health Research Institute Foundation, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"iBIO, Higher School of Science and Technology (ESICT), International University of Valencia, 46002 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Matutano Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nebrija Research Group ARIES, Higher Polytechnic School, Antonio de Nebrija University, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4816-1087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Lorenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (ICTP), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0717-3049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nieves","family":"Cubo-Mateo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nebrija Research Group ARIES, Higher Polytechnic School, Antonio de Nebrija University, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"035010","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/ab0692","article-title":"Wood-Based Nanocellulose and Bioactive Glass Modified Gelatin-Alginate Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting of Bone Cells","volume":"11","author":"Ojansivu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biofabrication"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bprint.2020.e00120","article-title":"Advances in 3D Bioprinting for the Biofabrication of Tumor Models","volume":"21","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioprinting"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1557\/s43577-022-00268-8","article-title":"Bioink Materials for Translational Applications","volume":"47","author":"Mahajan","year":"2022","journal-title":"MRS Bull."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2020.09.021","article-title":"Hybrid Chitosan\/Gelatin\/Nanohydroxyapatite Scaffolds Promote Odontogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells and in Vitro Biomineralization","volume":"37","author":"Vagropoulou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dent. 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