{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T15:31:07Z","timestamp":1785943867630,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]],"date-time":"2023-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universitas Sebelas Maret","award":["Hibah Non APBN 2023 LPPM UNS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Hibah Non APBN 2023 LPPM UNS"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The present study deals with the sound absorption performance of natural fibres from the oil palm frond (OPF), mainly considered agricultural waste. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the sound absorption performance of OPF fibre-reinforced composite under normal incidence sound. The materials used were OPF particles and urea-formaldehyde was used as an adhesive. The particleboards were produced with three particle sizes and four target densities. The absorption coefficient of normal incidence sound (\u03b1n) was tested using an impedance tube. The effects of particle size and bulk density were also evaluated. The findings reveal that\u03b1n exceeded 0.45 at 1000 Hz and could reach 0.95 above 3.3 kHz. This occurred when the bulk density of the OPF composite particleboards ranged between 0.3\u20130.4 g\/cm3, and the particle size varied between medium to coarse. The results also indicated that the absorption frequency and the degree of \u03b1n significantly increased as the bulk density decreased. Therefore, OPF fibres can be used to create sound-absorbing composite particleboards.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15030510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T04:19:40Z","timestamp":1674101980000},"page":"510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Influence of Particle Size and Bulk Density on Sound Absorption Performance of Oil Palm Frond-Reinforced Composites Particleboard"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9575-9682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Budi","family":"Istana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Surabaya 60111, Indonesia"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau (UMRI), Pekanbaru 28294, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I Made Londen","family":"Batan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Surabaya 60111, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Sutikno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Surabaya 60111, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samrith","family":"Khem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Surabaya 60111, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7190-5849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"U","family":"Ubaidillah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS), Surakarta 57126, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4443-0486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iwan","family":"Yahya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret (UNS), Surakarta 57126, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"BPS\u2013Statistics Indonesia (2020). 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