{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T18:13:56Z","timestamp":1789236836707,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Indonesia Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (KEMENDIKBUDRISTEK)","award":["3798\/IT3.L1\/PT.01.03\/P\/B\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3798\/IT3.L1\/PT.01.03\/P\/B\/2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cross-laminated timber (CLT) has become a popular engineered wood product due to its innovative properties and rapid development, which involves the use of various wood species and adhesives. This study aimed to assess the effect of glue application on the bonding strength, delamination, and wood failure of CLT made from jabon wood and bonded with a cold-setting melamine-based adhesive at three different rates: 250, 280, and 300 g\/m2. The adhesive was composed of melamine\u2013formaldehyde (MF) by adding 5% citric acid, 3% polymeric 4,4-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI), and 10% wheat flour. Adding these ingredients increased the adhesive viscosity and decreased the gelation time. The CLT samples, made using cold pressing in the melamine-based adhesive at a pressure of 1.0 MPa for 2 h, were evaluated as per the standard EN 16531:2021. The results revealed that a higher glue spread resulted in a greater bonding strength, lower delamination, and a higher wood failure. The glue spread was shown to have a more significant influence on wood failure compared with delamination and the bonding strength. The application of 300 g\/m2 glue spread (MF-1) on the jabon CLT led to a product that met the standard requirements. The use of modified MF in cold-setting adhesive produced a potential product that could be a feasible option for future CLT production in terms of its lower heat energy consumption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15102349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T06:32:58Z","timestamp":1684391578000},"page":"2349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Effect of Glue Spread on Bonding Strength, Delamination, and Wood Failure of Jabon Wood-Based Cross-Laminated Timber Using Cold-Setting Melamine-Based Adhesive"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0374-4262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusup","family":"Amin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia"},{"name":"Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renaldi Purnomo","family":"Adji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7860-3125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Adly Rahandi","family":"Lubis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8957-3603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naresworo","family":"Nugroho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0003-5855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Effendi Tri","family":"Bahtiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0693-1191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wahyu","family":"Dwianto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5208-0258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lina","family":"Karlinasari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.24111\/jrihh.v9i1.3126","article-title":"CLT (Cross Laminated Timber): Produksi, Karakteristik Dan Perkembangannya (CLT (Cross Laminated Timber): Production, Characteristics and Development)","volume":"9","author":"Lestari","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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