{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T14:56:37Z","timestamp":1767970597123,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,4]],"date-time":"2023-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The sustainable development of innovative eco-friendly multifunctional nanocomposites, possessing superior characteristics, is a noteworthy topic. Novel semi-interpenetrated nanocomposite films based on poly(vinyl alcohol) covalently and thermally crosslinked with oxalic acid (OA), reinforced with a novel organophosphorus flame retardant (PFR-4) derived from co-polycondensation in solution reaction of equimolar amounts of co-monomers, namely, bis((6-oxido-6H-dibenz[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphorinyl)-(4-hydroxyaniline)-methylene)-1,4-phenylene, bisphenol S, and phenylphosphonic dichloride, in a molar ratio of 1:1:2, and additionally doped with silver-loaded zeolite L nanoparticles (ze-Ag), have been prepared by casting from solution technique. The morphology of the as prepared PVA-oxalic acid films and their semi-interpenetrated nanocomposites with PFR-4 and ze-Ag was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while the homogeneous distribution of the organophosphorus compound and nanoparticles within the nanocomposite films has been introspected by means of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). It was established that composites with a very low phosphorus content had noticeably improved flame retardancy. The peak of the heat release rate was reduced up to 55%, depending on the content of the flame-retardant additive and the doping ze-Ag nanoparticles introduced into the PVA\/OA matrix. The ultimate tensile strength and elastic modulus increased significantly in the reinforced nanocomposites. Considerably increased antimicrobial activity was revealed in the case of the samples containing silver-loaded zeolite L nanoparticles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15112573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]],"date-time":"2023-06-05T02:18:29Z","timestamp":1685931509000},"page":"2573","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Organophosphorus Reinforced Poly(vinyl alcohol) Nanocomposites Doped with Silver-Loaded Zeolite L Nanoparticles as Sustainable Materials for Packaging Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9017-9926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T\u0103chi\u021b\u0103","family":"Vlad-Bubulac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cPetru Poni\u201d Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9454-4399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corneliu","family":"Hamciuc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cPetru Poni\u201d Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8544-5671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana","family":"Serbezeanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cPetru Poni\u201d Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dana Mihaela","family":"Suflet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cPetru Poni\u201d Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3560-4835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Rusu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cPetru Poni\u201d Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4541-7446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela","family":"Lisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, \u201cGheorghe Asachi\u201d Technical University of Iasi, 73 Bd. Mangeron, 700050 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ion","family":"Anghel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fire Officers Faculty, Police Academy \u201cAlexandru Ioan Cuza\u201d, Morarilor Str. 3, Sector 2, 022451 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dana-Maria","family":"Preda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fire Officers Faculty, Police Academy \u201cAlexandru Ioan Cuza\u201d, Morarilor Str. 3, Sector 2, 022451 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7136-8932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Totka","family":"Todorova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Catalysis, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St., bl.11, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0982-0040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina Mihaela","family":"R\u00eembu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Iasi University of Life Sciences, 8 Sadoveanu Alley, 707027 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2022.131077","article-title":"Curbing plastic consumption: A review of single-use plastic behaviour change interventions","volume":"344","author":"Borg","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clean. 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