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In this study, two novel phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants (UCPR and MCPR) were developed, and the intercalated modified layered double hydroxides (LDH) thereof were designated as UCPR-LDH and MCPR-LDH. By impregnating poplar veneer with UCPR-LDH and MCPR-LDH solutions, the study investigated the effects of different concentrations (1%, 5%, 10%), processes (vacuum-pressure impregnation, room temperature impregnation, normal-pressure impregnation), and impregnation times (2 h, 3 h, 24 h, 48 h) on the weight-gain rate of veneer. The optimal process was then selected for preparing formaldehyde-free three-layer plywood. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) were used to characterize the UCPR and MCPR. Meanwhile, gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) demonstrated that the molecular weight of the synthesized flame retardants increased as their molecular distribution became more uniform. The impregnation process was performed at normal temperature and pressure for 48 h at a 5% flame retardant concentration. Results from cone calorimetry indicate that the UCPR-LDH plywood exhibits a peak heat release rate that is 30.43% lower than that of the control group, demonstrating superior thermal barrier performance. The smoke emission of the MCPR-LDH plywood was reduced by 33.62% compared to the control group, indicating superior smoke suppression performance. This method presents a viable approach for synthesizing organic-inorganic flame retardants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15143112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,24]],"date-time":"2023-07-24T01:12:28Z","timestamp":1690161148000},"page":"3112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Preparation of Organic-Inorganic Phosphorus-Nitrogen-Based Flame Retardants and Their Application to Plywood"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6030-6986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wood Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wood Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wood Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7855-4634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuqing","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wood Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Jian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wood Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhichun","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Xing Yuan Machinery Technology Co., Jilin 132000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyu","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wood Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heejun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Housing Environmental Design, Research Institute of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1038\/s41561-021-00791-4","article-title":"Manage fire regimes, not fires","volume":"14","author":"Cochrane","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. 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