{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T07:27:02Z","timestamp":1772004422974,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Education Department of Hubei Province","award":["Q20211709"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Q20211709"]}]},{"name":"Education Department of Hubei Province","award":["2022M713079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022M713079"]}]},{"name":"Education Department of Hubei Province","award":["2023M733443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023M733443"]}]},{"name":"Education Department of Hubei Province","award":["22279095"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22279095"]}]},{"name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["Q20211709"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Q20211709"]}]},{"name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["2022M713079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022M713079"]}]},{"name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["2023M733443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023M733443"]}]},{"name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["22279095"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22279095"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["Q20211709"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Q20211709"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2022M713079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022M713079"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2023M733443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023M733443"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["22279095"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22279095"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dendrite growth and parasitic reactions with liquid electrolyte are the two key factors that restrict the practical application of the lithium metal anode. Herein, a bis(benzene sulfonyl)imide based single-ion polymer artificial layer for a lithium metal anode is successfully constructed, which is prepared via blending the as-prepared copolymer of lithiated 4, 4\u2032-dicarboxyl bis(benzene sulfonyl)imide and 4,4\u2032-diaminodiphenyl ether on the surface of lithium foil. This single-ion polymer artificial layer enables compact structure with unique continuous aggregated Li+ clusters, thus reducing the direct contact between lithium metal and electrolyte simultaneously, ensuring Li+ transport is fast and homogeneous. Based on which, the coulombic efficiency of the Li|Cu half-cell is effectively improved, and the cycle stability of the Li|Li symmetric cell can be prolonged from 160 h to 240 h. Surficial morphology and elemental valence analysis confirm that the bis(benzene sulfonyl)imide based single-ion polymer artificial layer effectively facilitates the Li+ uniform deposition and suppresses parasitic reactions between lithium metal anode and liquid electrolyte in the LFP|Li full-cell. This strategy provides a new perspective to achieve a steady lithium metal anode, which can be a promising candidate in practical applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15163490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T09:07:16Z","timestamp":1692608836000},"page":"3490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Construction of a Bis(benzene sulfonyl)imide-Based Single-ion Polymer Artificial Layer for a Steady Lithium Metal Anode"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yujie","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Hubei New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengmeng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Hubei New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yazhou","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Hubei New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory for New Textile Materials and Applications, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haifeng","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1557\/mrs.2016.167","article-title":"Electrical energy storage: Materials challenges and prospects","volume":"41","author":"Manthiram","year":"2016","journal-title":"MRS Bull."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1039\/C3EE40795K","article-title":"Lithium metal anodes for rechargeable batteries","volume":"7","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9011","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cs60177c","article-title":"Metallic anodes for next generation secondary batteries","volume":"42","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10403","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00115","article-title":"Toward safe lithium metal anode in rechargeable batteries: A review","volume":"117","author":"Cheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matt.2019.05.016","article-title":"Artificial interphases for highly stable lithium metal anode","volume":"1","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Matter"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700007","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201700007","article-title":"Reviving Lithium-Metal Anodes for Next-Generation High-Energy Batteries","volume":"29","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Mater"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-022-01020-x","article-title":"Additive engineering for robust interphases to stabilize high-Ni layered structures at ultra-high voltage of 4.8 V","volume":"7","author":"Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Energy"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202115884","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202115884","article-title":"Integrated Ring-Chain Design of a New Fluorinated Ether Solvent for High-Voltage Lithium-Metal Batteries","volume":"61","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2575","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-29199-3","article-title":"Fluorinated ether electrolyte with controlled solvation structure for high voltage lithium metal batteries","volume":"13","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1179\/143307509X440451","article-title":"Electrical properties of PEO\u2013LiCF3SO3\u2013SiO2 nanocomposite polymer electrolytes","volume":"13","author":"Abdullah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Innov."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1111\/jace.13455","article-title":"Microstructure and Li-ion conductivity of hot-pressed cubic Li7La3Zr2O12","volume":"98","author":"David","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Ceram. Soc."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3473","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.7b01321","article-title":"Polymer-rich composite electrolytes for all-solid-state Li-S cells","volume":"8","author":"Judez","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-017-1461-2","article-title":"A carbon-based 3D current collector with surface protection for Li metal anode","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nano Res."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2017.04.032","article-title":"Lithium-metal deposition\/dissolution within internal space of CNT 3D matrix results in prolonged cycle of lithium-metal negative electrode","volume":"119","author":"Matsuda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19168","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA05997C","article-title":"Surface graphited carbon scaffold enables simple and scalable fabrication of 3D composite lithium metal anode","volume":"5","author":"Lang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2017.05.015","article-title":"3D lithium metal embedded within lithiophilic porous matrix for stable lithium metal batteries","volume":"37","author":"Jin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2212847","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202212847","article-title":"A stable polymer-based solid-state lithium metal battery and its interfacial characteristics revealed by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy","volume":"33","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701482","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201701482","article-title":"High Polarity Poly(vinylidene difluoride) Thin Coating for Dendrite-Free and High-Performance Lithium Metal Anodes","volume":"8","author":"Luo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6125","DOI":"10.1039\/C7NR09058G","article-title":"Polyethylene oxide film coating enhances lithium cycling efficiency of an anode-free lithium-metal battery","volume":"10","author":"Assegie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensm.2022.02.029","article-title":"Self-exfoliated covalent organic framework nano-mesh enabled regular charge distribution for highly stable lithium metal battery","volume":"47","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Energy Storage Mater."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2020.06.011","article-title":"Ionic conductive polymers as artificial solid electrolyte interphase films in Li metal batteries\u2014A review","volume":"40","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Today"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2017.06.002","article-title":"Designing Artificial Solid-Electrolyte Interphases for Single-Ion and High-Efficiency Transport in Batteries","volume":"1","author":"Tu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Joule"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaem.0c02740","article-title":"Artificial Single-Ion Conducting Polymer Solid Electrolyte Interphase Layer toward Highly Stable Lithium Anode","volume":"4","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Energy Mater."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14458","DOI":"10.1038\/srep14458","article-title":"Ionomer-Liquid Electrolyte Hybrid Ionic Conductor for High Cycling Stability of Lithium Metal Electrodes","volume":"5","author":"Song","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5824","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13783-1","article-title":"An ultrathin ionomer interphase for high efficiency lithium anode in carbonate based electrolyte","volume":"10","author":"Weng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2003496","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202003496","article-title":"Robust Artificial Solid-Electrolyte Interfaces with Biomimetic Ionic Channels for Dendrite-Free Li Metal Anodes","volume":"11","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2016.02.002","article-title":"A mechanically robust porous single ion conducting electrolyte membrane fabricated via self-assembly","volume":"507","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Membr. Sci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2018.07.007","article-title":"Highly porous single-ion conductive composite polymer electrolyte for high performance Li-ion batteries","volume":"397","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5168","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b21352","article-title":"Gel polymer electrolyte with high Li+ transference number enhancing cycling stability of lithium anode","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3298","DOI":"10.1039\/C8EE02093K","article-title":"Nanostructured multi-block copolymer single-ion conductors for safer high-performance lithium batteries","volume":"11","author":"Nguyen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.136155","article-title":"Hollow spherical organic polymer artificial layer enabled stable Li metal anode","volume":"442","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensm.2022.11.014","article-title":"Towards high-rate lithium metal anodes with electrochemically inert and catalytic COF separators","volume":"54","author":"Kang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Energy Storage Mater."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201710806","article-title":"A Flexible Solid Electrolyte Interphase Layer for Long-Life Lithium Metal Anodes","volume":"57","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"034002","DOI":"10.1088\/2053-1583\/ac7056","article-title":"Encapsulating chalcogens as the rate accelerator into MoS2 with expanded interlayer spacing to boost the capacity and cyclic stability of Li\u2013S batteries","volume":"9","author":"Lakshmi","year":"2022","journal-title":"2D Mater."}],"container-title":["Polymers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/15\/16\/3490\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:38:47Z","timestamp":1760128727000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/15\/16\/3490"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["polym15163490"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym15163490","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]]}}}