{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:34:10Z","timestamp":1787243650215,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]],"date-time":"2023-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003695","name":"Korea Institute of Industrial Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["kitech EO-23-0005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["kitech EO-23-0005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003695","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003695","name":"Korea Institute of Industrial Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022R1F1A1074129"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1F1A1074129"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003695","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["kitech EO-23-0005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["kitech EO-23-0005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022R1F1A1074129"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1F1A1074129"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The typical filters that protect us from harmful components, such as toxic gases and particulate matter (PM), are made from petroleum-based materials, which need to be replaced with other environmentally friendly materials. Herein, we demonstrate a route to fabricate biodegradable and dual-functional filtration membranes that effectively remove PM and toxic gases. The membrane was integrated using two layers: (i) cellulose-based nanofibers for PM filtration and (ii) metal\u2013organic framework (MOF)-coated cotton fabric for removal of toxic gases. Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) was grown from the surface of the cotton fabric by the treatment of cotton fabric with an organic precursor solution and subsequent immersion in an inorganic precursor solution. Cellulose acetate nanofibers (NFs) were deposited on the MOF-coated cotton fabric via electrospinning. At the optimal thickness of the NF layer, the quality factor of 18.8 \u00d7 10\u22122 Pa\u22121 was achieved with a filtration efficiency of 93.1%, air permeability of 19.0 cm3\/cm2\/s, and pressure drop of 14.2 Pa. The membrane exhibits outstanding gas adsorption efficiencies (&gt;99%) for H2S, formaldehyde, and NH3. The resulting membrane was highly biodegradable, with a weight loss of 62.5% after 45 days under standard test conditions. The proposed strategy should provide highly sustainable material platforms for practical multifunctional membranes in personal protective equipment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15193965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T04:28:08Z","timestamp":1696220888000},"page":"3965","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Biodegradable Nanofiber\/Metal\u2013Organic Framework\/Cotton Air Filtration Membranes Enabling Simultaneous Removal of Toxic Gases and Particulate Matter"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0533-6905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sujin","family":"Ryu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Textile R&D Department, Research Institute of Convergence Technology, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 143 Hanggaulro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7550-7761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Doyeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Textile R&D Department, Research Institute of Convergence Technology, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 143 Hanggaulro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"HYU-KITECH Joint Department, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyewon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Textile R&D Department, Research Institute of Convergence Technology, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 143 Hanggaulro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoonjin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Textile R&D Department, Research Institute of Convergence Technology, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 143 Hanggaulro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youngbok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HYU-KITECH Joint Department, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0611-8694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myungwoong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5669-9859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heedong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Textile R&D Department, Research Institute of Convergence Technology, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 143 Hanggaulro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9412-2273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hoik","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Textile R&D Department, Research Institute of Convergence Technology, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 143 Hanggaulro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"HYU-KITECH Joint Department, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-019-06612-x","article-title":"Air pollution risks human mental health: An implication of two-stages least squares estimation of interaction effects","volume":"27","author":"Gu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. 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