{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T18:05:57Z","timestamp":1762625157719,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency CREST","award":["JPMJCR22L5","22H03274","21H03123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJCR22L5","22H03274","21H03123"]}]},{"name":"JSPS Grant-in-aid","award":["JPMJCR22L5","22H03274","21H03123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJCR22L5","22H03274","21H03123"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Biological materials have properties like great strength and flexibility that are not present in synthetic materials. Using the ribs of crucian carp as a reference, we investigated the mechanisms behind the high mechanical properties of this rib bone, and found highly oriented layers of calcium phosphate (CaP) and collagen fibers. To fabricate a fish-rib-bone-mimicking membrane with similar structure and mechanical properties, this study involves (1) the rapid synthesis of plate-like CaP crystals, (2) the layering of CaP\u2013gelatin hydrogels by gradual drying, and (3) controlling the shape of composite membranes using porous gypsum molds. Finally, as a result of optimizing the compositional ratio of CaP filler and gelatin hydrogel, a CaP filler content of 40% provided the optimal mechanical properties of toughness and stiffness similar to fish bone. Due to the rigidity, flexibility, and ease of shape control of the composite membrane materials, this membrane could be applied as a guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15204190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T10:32:24Z","timestamp":1698057144000},"page":"4190","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Fabrication of a Fish-Bone-Inspired Inorganic\u2013Organic Composite Membrane"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7062-0756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"YuYang","family":"Jiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1040-8427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bhingaradiya","family":"Nutan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Nagaoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Bikharudin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randa","family":"Musa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9804-4786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuya","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2000707","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202000707","article-title":"Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration: A Road from Bench to Bedside","volume":"9","author":"Aprile","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. 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C"}],"container-title":["Polymers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/15\/20\/4190\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:10:25Z","timestamp":1760130625000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/15\/20\/4190"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["polym15204190"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym15204190","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4360"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2073-4360"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]]}}}