{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:03:25Z","timestamp":1787029405803,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]],"date-time":"2023-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Liaoning Binhai Laboratory","award":["LBLB-2023-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LBLB-2023-02"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Binhai Laboratory","award":["BE2022054-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BE2022054-4"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Binhai Laboratory","award":["21SH15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21SH15"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Binhai Laboratory","award":["XLYC2008022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XLYC2008022"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Binhai Laboratory","award":["DICP I202033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DICP I202033"]}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program","award":["LBLB-2023-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LBLB-2023-02"]}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program","award":["BE2022054-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BE2022054-4"]}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program","award":["21SH15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21SH15"]}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program","award":["XLYC2008022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XLYC2008022"]}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program","award":["DICP I202033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DICP I202033"]}]},{"name":"Changchun Academy Technology Cooperation Project","award":["LBLB-2023-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LBLB-2023-02"]}]},{"name":"Changchun Academy Technology Cooperation Project","award":["BE2022054-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BE2022054-4"]}]},{"name":"Changchun Academy Technology Cooperation Project","award":["21SH15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21SH15"]}]},{"name":"Changchun Academy Technology Cooperation Project","award":["XLYC2008022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XLYC2008022"]}]},{"name":"Changchun Academy Technology Cooperation Project","award":["DICP I202033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DICP I202033"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program","award":["LBLB-2023-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LBLB-2023-02"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program","award":["BE2022054-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BE2022054-4"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program","award":["21SH15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21SH15"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program","award":["XLYC2008022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XLYC2008022"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program","award":["DICP I202033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DICP I202033"]}]},{"name":"Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics","award":["LBLB-2023-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LBLB-2023-02"]}]},{"name":"Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics","award":["BE2022054-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BE2022054-4"]}]},{"name":"Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics","award":["21SH15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21SH15"]}]},{"name":"Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics","award":["XLYC2008022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XLYC2008022"]}]},{"name":"Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics","award":["DICP I202033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DICP I202033"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Low-dielectric constant polymers are widely used in various microelectronic materials. With the development of 5G communication technology, there is an urgent need for polymer materials with low dielectric constant at high frequency, good thermal resistance, and mechanical properties. In this study, four novel poly (aryl ether ketone) (PAEK) containing different numbers of methylene groups were synthesized via nucleophilic polycondensation reaction. At 10 GHz, these polymer films exhibit excellent dielectric properties with dielectric constants as low as 2.76. The relationship between the dielectric constant and the number of methylene groups is illustrated by constructing the amorphous accumulation cell model. In addition, methylene groups provided the polymer with favorable mechanical performance, including Young\u2019s modulus in the range of 2.17\u20132.21 GPa, the tensile strength from 82.0 to 88.5 MPa and the elongation at the break achieved 7.94%, respectively. Simultaneously, the polymer maintains good thermal resistance with a glass transition temperature (Tg) reaching 216 \u00b0C. The result indicates that the obtained novel PAEK is potentially valuable in the field of high-frequency communications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15214330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]],"date-time":"2023-11-06T01:37:09Z","timestamp":1699234629000},"page":"4330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Amorphous Poly (Aryl Ether Ketones) Containing Methylene Groups with Excellent Thermal Resistance, Dielectric Properties and Mechanical Performance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jingwei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Energy Materials (DNL22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China"},{"name":"School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhichao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunlong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Energy Materials (DNL22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zengxu","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Energy Materials (DNL22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zengwen","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Energy Materials (DNL22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhipeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Energy Materials (DNL22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangyuan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Energy Materials (DNL22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmrt.2022.09.038","article-title":"Design and synthesis of novel phenolphthalein-based poly (aryl ether) resin containing isopropyl groups","volume":"21","author":"Ling","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mater. Res. Technol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.porgcoat.2022.107103","article-title":"Progress in low dielectric polyimide film\u2014A review","volume":"172","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prog. Org. Coat."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1021\/cr9002819","article-title":"Low dielectric constant materials","volume":"110","author":"Volksen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2000100","DOI":"10.1002\/marc.202000100","article-title":"Preparation and Properties of Novel Cross-Linked Fluorinated Poly(aryl ether) with Low Dielectric Constant and High Thermal Stability","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Macromol. Rapid. Common."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6213","DOI":"10.1039\/D2PY01146H","article-title":"Dual cross-linking strategy to prepare fluorine-containing poly(arylene ether nitrile) films with a low dielectric constant and ultra-low water uptake","volume":"13","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2022.132789","article-title":"Soluble polyarylate with high thermal stability and low-k at high frequency","volume":"324","author":"Guan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1515\/polyeng-2021-0338","article-title":"Research progress of low dielectric constant polymer materials","volume":"42","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Polym. Eng."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3518","DOI":"10.1021\/ma802871y","article-title":"PTFE-Based Core-Soft Shell Nanospheres and Soft Matrix Nanocomposites","volume":"42","author":"Sparnacci","year":"2009","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5880","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b18442","article-title":"Emulsion Electrospinning of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Nanofibrous Membranes for High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators. ACS Appl","volume":"10","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/eej.10035","article-title":"Factors influencing the dielectric properties of linear low-density polyethylene","volume":"140","author":"Ono","year":"2002","journal-title":"Electr. Eng. Jpn."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4095(200012)12:23<1769::AID-ADMA1769>3.0.CO;2-5","article-title":"Development of a low-dielectric-constant polymer for the fabrication of integrated circuit interconnect","volume":"12","author":"Martin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Adv. Mat."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.2109\/jcersj2.121.606","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of isotactic polypropylene\/MgO composites as dielectric materials with low dielectric loss","volume":"121","author":"Takahashi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compscitech.2017.10.015","article-title":"Mechanical and dielectric properties of graphene incorporated polypropylene nanocomposites using polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride as a compatibilizer","volume":"153","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Compos. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bao, F., Liu, Y.-X., Shi, L.-D., Cui, J.-Z., Ji, M.-W., Liu, H.-C., Yu, J.-L., Zhu, C.-Z., and Xu, J. (2023). Non-Coplanar Diphenyl Fluorene and Weakly Polarized Cyclohexyl Can Effectively Improve the Solubility and Reduce the Dielectric Constant of Poly (Aryl Ether Ketone) Resin. Polymers, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15040962"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bao, F., Zhang, F.-F., Wang, C.-H., Song, Y.-Y., Li, N., Wang, J.-Y., and Jian, X.-G. (2019). Study of the Effects of the Structure of Phthalazinone\u2019s Side-Group on the Properties of the Poly(phthalazinone ether ketone)s Resins. Polymers, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym11050803"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1080\/15685551.2023.2205733","article-title":"Design and synthesis of novel poly (aryl ether ketones) containing trifluoromethyl and trifluoromethoxy groups","volume":"26","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Des. Monomers. Polym."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2020.110205","article-title":"Poly(aryl ether ketone ketone)s containing diphenyl-biphthalazin-dione moieties with excellent thermo-mechanical performance and solubility","volume":"143","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, X., Zhang, X.-Z., Jiang, J.-W., Jia, H.-G., and Wang, J.-Y. (2022). Synthesis and Characterization of a Self-Polycondensation Diazaphthalanone Monomer and Its Polymers from Polycondensation Reactions. Polymers, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14183904"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marestin, C., Chatti, S., and Mercier, R. (2021). Synthesis of poly(aryl ether)s bearing phosphonated side-chains from phosphonate ester-containing bisphenols. Polymer, 222.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2021.123647"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2019.109413","article-title":"Performance enhancement of shape memory poly(aryl ether ketone) via photodimerization of pendant anthracene units","volume":"123","author":"Gu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"175","article-title":"Preparation and applications of low-dielectric constant poly aryl ether","volume":"3","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Ind. Eng. Polym. Res."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat1950","article-title":"Ultralow-dielectric-constant optical thin films built from magnesium oxyfluoride vesicle-like hollow nanoparticles","volume":"6","author":"Grosso","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1021\/ar050055b","article-title":"Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane nanocomposites: The next generation material for biomedical applications","volume":"38","author":"Kannan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acc. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1002\/pi.2809","article-title":"Review of polymer materials with low dielectric constant","volume":"59","author":"Zhao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Polym. Int."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2021.131547","article-title":"Synthesis and properties of low dielectric constant phenolphthalein-based poly (aryl ether) resin containing isopropyl groups","volume":"311","author":"Ling","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, B.-W., Long, J.-W., Chen, L., Xiao, X.-X., Lin, X.-B., and Wang, Y.-Z. (2021). Semi-aromatic polyamides containing fluorenyl pendent toward excellent thermal stability, mechanical properties and dielectric performance. Polymer, 224.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2021.123757"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s10118-020-2339-4","article-title":"A Facile Strategy for Non-fluorinated Intrinsic Low-k and Low-loss Dielectric Polymers: Valid Exploitation of Secondary Relaxation Behaviors","volume":"38","author":"Qian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin. J. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.1002\/pat.5639","article-title":"Effect of di-halogen monomers embraced in main chain of low-dielectric colorless fluorene-based poly(aryl ether)s on their performance","volume":"33","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Polym. Adv. Technol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3010","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.orglett.0c00772","article-title":"Catalytic Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (+)-Lycoperdic Acid","volume":"22","author":"Kortet","year":"2020","journal-title":"Org. Lett."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1151-2916.1997.tb03066.x","article-title":"Effect of porosity and grain size on the microwave dielectric properties of sintered alumina","volume":"80","author":"Penn","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Am. Ceram. Soc."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5964","DOI":"10.1021\/ma00099a006","article-title":"Polarization Effects of Fluorine on the Relative Permittivity in Polyimides","volume":"27","author":"Hougham","year":"1994","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1021\/ma5000199","article-title":"Chain Mobility, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of Poly(ethylene furanoate) Compared to Poly(ethylene terephthalate)","volume":"47","author":"Burgess","year":"2014","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Q., Zhang, S.-H., Wang, Z.-Q., Chen, Y.-N., and Jian, X.-G. (2020). Effect of pendent phenyl and bis-phthalazinone moieties on the properties of N-heterocyclic poly(aryl ether ketone ketone)s. Polymer, 198.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2020.122525"}],"container-title":["Polymers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/15\/21\/4330\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:17:58Z","timestamp":1760131078000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/15\/21\/4330"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["polym15214330"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym15214330","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]]}}}