{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:44:37Z","timestamp":1792806277810,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences","award":["506.224.02.00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["506.224.02.00"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03tth1e03","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences","award":["APVV-22-0238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APVV-22-0238"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03tth1e03","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Slovak Research and Development Agency","award":["506.224.02.00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["506.224.02.00"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/037nx0e70","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Slovak Research and Development Agency","award":["APVV-22-0238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APVV-22-0238"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/037nx0e70","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Polymers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of the presented research was to determine the suitability of both non-modified and modified buckwheat husk (BH) as a filler for urea\u2013formaldehyde adhesive in plywood production. The effect of two modification methods, acetylation and silanization, was investigated. Infrared spectroscopy outcomes confirmed that both acetylation and silanization of the filler had occurred. Based on the results, it was found that the introduction of BH had a significant effect on both the adhesive properties and the characteristics of the manufactured plywood. The application of non-modified husks led to a reduction in viscosity and an extension of the gelation time, and the produced plywood boards were characterized by reduced bonding quality and increased delamination. Modification of the husk surface by acetylation and silanization with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane contributed to the noticeable improvement in the resin properties. On the other hand, the improvement in plywood properties, consisting of the increase in bonding quality and reduced delamination, was observed only in the case of the silanized husk. Furthermore, the use of non-modified and acetylated husk did not significantly influence the formaldehyde emission. The reduction in the investigated emission of formaldehyde was observed only in the case of variants containing 15 and 20% of silanized buckwheat husk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/polym16101350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T03:21:04Z","timestamp":1715311264000},"page":"1350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Modified Buckwheat Husk as a Filler for Urea\u2013Formaldehyde Resin in Plywood Production"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5539-1841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakub","family":"Kawalerczyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Wood Technology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Pozna\u0144 University of Life Sciences, 60-627 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8365-3714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Walkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Wood Technology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Pozna\u0144 University of Life Sciences, 60-627 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0014-594X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e1n","family":"Sedlia\u010dik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Furniture and Wood Products, Faculty of Wood Science and Technology, Technical University in Zvolen, 96053 Zvolen, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0507-8179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorota","family":"Dukarska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Wood Technology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Pozna\u0144 University of Life Sciences, 60-627 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1863-5122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Wo\u017aniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Pozna\u0144 University of Life Sciences, 60-627 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rados\u0142aw","family":"Mirski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Wood Technology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Pozna\u0144 University of Life Sciences, 60-627 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2024.118446","article-title":"Preparation of a Superior Soy Protein Adhesive with High Solid Content by Enzymatic Hydrolysis Combined with Cross-Linking Modification","volume":"213","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ind. 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